全球化的趨勢及科技的發展，使得跨國界的經濟體制逐漸形成，企業為了獲取更大的市場及競爭力，紛紛步上國際化的腳步，開展了全球化經營模式。因此公司的國際視野、策略佈局、企業文化甚為重要，而領導者的思維格局、態度觀念等領導者風格、風範又影響其至深至遠。企業最高領導者的人格特質、領導風格，直接影響或形成該公司之特有的組織文化。
領導者之決策對於組織的影響甚鉅，其不僅影響企業的獲利，更可能影響組織的存亡。在現今快速變遷的環境中，領導者必須經常在時間壓力下快速做出正確的決策。據此，本研究著重於探討參與式決策對於領導者決策品質，以及團隊競爭力與績效之影響。本研究從「弗羅姆、耶頓與加哥」所提出的「領導者-參與模式」為出發點，探討「領導者參與決策」對於「領導者決策品質」之影響，其不僅可以做為後續相關研究之重要參考，亦可協助企業與領導者檢視其領導效能，進而做為改善競爭力與績效之重要依據。

The trend of globalization and the development of technology lead to the formation of across national boundaries economy system. Following this trend, the international view, strategic plan, and company culture of a company became more important then ever. The personality traits of a company’s leader and his leadership style such as his concepts, attitudes, etc could possibly be the most influential factors in forming a company’s peculiar organizational culture.
Leaders’ decisions have a great impact on organizations; they could influence not only the revenue but also the survival of organizations. In this rapidly changing environment, leaders always need to make fast and correct decisions under time pressure. Therefore, the focus of this study is the effect of participative decision-making on the quality of leaders’ decisions so as to improve the competitiveness and performance of teams or organizations. The present study adopts “ Leader-Participation Model ” developed by “ Vroom, Yetton and Jago ” to examine the effect of “ leaders’ participative decision-making ” on “ the quality of leaders’ decisions ”, it could not only be used by following related studies, but also assist organizations and leaders to review leadership efficacy in order to improve the competitiveness and performance.

壹、中文部分
1. 許士軍，「管理學」，東華書局，1990年。
2. 陳益升，孔昭君「決策與科學」，科學技術文獻出版社，中國北京，1994年。
3. 司徒達賢，「非營利組織經營營理研修粹要」，財團法人洪建全教育文化基金會，台北市，1997年。
4. 李郁文，團體動力學－群體動力的理論、實務與研究，臺北：桂冠圖書，2002年。
5. 潘正德，團體歷程中口語行為與團體效果之硏究 : Hill口語互動矩陣的驗證與使用，中壢市 : 中原大學人文與敎育學院，1999年。
6. 郭利根，領導科學學習綱要，中國金融出版社，2002年06月第1版。
7. 李茂興,陳夢怡 合譯(Henry L. Tosi, Neal P. Mero, John R. Rizzo 合著)，組織行為管理學(Managing organizational behaviour)，弘智文化，台北市，2004年。
8. 宋秋儀 譯(Gary Yukl著)，組織領導學五版(Leadership in Organization 5e)，華泰文化事業股份有限公司，台北市，2006年1月。
9. 劉信吾，組織與管理心理學二版，心理出版社，2009年4月。
10. 王曉輝，高麗華，現代企業管理概論，北京大學出版社，2010年08月。

貳、英文部分
1. Baird, Bruce F.“Managerial decisions under certainty：An introduction to the analysis of decision making”,John Wiley & Sons，Inc., 1989.
2. Barabba, V. P.; Pudar, N.,“The dialogue decision process at General Motors”, Knowledge Management Review, Vol. 1, pp.14-20., 2000.
3. Bazerman, Max H.,“Judgment in managerial decision making”, John Wiley & Sons, 2nd edition., 1998.
4. Ben-Akiva, Moshe and Steven R. Lerman“Discrete choice analysis：theory and application to travel demand”, The MIT Pess Cambridge 6th edition., 1994.
5. Champoux, Joseph E.“Organizational Behavior：integrating individuals groups,and process”, west publishing company., 1996.
6. Charles, J. Q.; Bingham, F. G.; Patterson, M. B., “The information flow for a business to business buying decision process: a modeling approach”/Journal of Marketing Theory & Practice, Vol. 2, pp.103-120., 1993.
7. Cohen, M.D., March, J.G. & Olsen, J.P., “A Garbage CAN Model OF Organizational Choice”, 1972.
8. Davis, Duane, “Business research for decision making”, Wadsworth Publishing Company., 1996.
9. Daft, R. L., “Organization theory design”,Thomson, 2003.
10. Edgar Schein , “Organizational Culture and Leadership”,1985.
11. Forsyth, D. R. “Effective group meetings and decision making. In R. M. MacNair (Ed.), Working for peace: A handbook of practical psychology (pp. 88-97)”. Atascadero, CA: Impact Publishers., 2006.
12. Gary Yukl, “Readings in organizational and industrial psychology”, New York: Oxford University Press, 1971.
13. Gary Johns, “Organizational behavior：understanding and managing life at work”, HarperCollins Publishers., 1996.
14. Hatch, Mary Jo, “Organization Theory”, Oxford University Press Inc., New York., 1997.
15. Hollenbeck, John R. and John A. Wagner,Ⅲ,“Management of Organizational Behavior”, Prentice-Hall International,Inc., New Jersey., 1995.
16. Hatch, Mary Jo,“Organization Theory”, Oxford University Press Inc. ,New York., 1997.
17. Hollenbeck, John R. and John A. Wagner,Ⅲ,“Management of Organizational Behavior”, Prentice-Hall International,Inc., New Jersey., 1995.
18. Lindblom, Charles Edward, “The Science of Muddling Through”, Public Administration Review, 1959.
19. James Reason, “Human Error”, Cambridge University Press, 1990.
20. John Naisbitt, “Mind Set!: Reset Your Thinking and See the Future”, HarperBusiness; 1 edition ,October 3, 2006.
21. Maier, N. R. F. (Norman Raymond Frederick), “The Appraisal Interview”, 1963.
22. Osland J. S.、Kolb D. A. and Rubin., “Organizational behavior”,Prentice Hall., 2001.
23. Robbins, Stephen P.,“Organizational Behavior”, Prentice-Hall International, Inc., New Jersey., 1998.
24. Robbins, S. P. and Coulter, M., “Management”, Prentice Hall., 2002.
25. Rensis Likert, “Human Organization : Its Management and Value”, 1967.
26. Sherman, J.,“Researchers should be involved throughout marketing decision process”,Advertising Age's Business Marketing, Vol. 84, p.10., 1999.
27. Simon, H.A., “THE NEW SCIENCE OF MANAGEMENT DECISION”, New York, NY: Harper and Row., 1960.
28. Wood J. M./1998/“Organizational behavior”/John Wiley & Sons.