細胞狀結構有許多獨特優點，係由交互相連的網版組成，包含支撐結構及小的晶胞結構，具有高強度重量比、優異的能量吸收及最小物料需求。與傳統複雜的加工技術相比，積層製造技術(AM)可以直接從數位資訊中逐層建構出結構，幾乎可以製作所有類型的幾何形貌。然而，因打印速度過慢，較低的準確性和重複性，以及受限於特定應用的材料選擇上，實際存在許多限制。細胞狀結構由於其高強度重量比，普遍使用於航太及汽車產業，為增加飛機與汽車的使用效益，提出提升性能及重量比的研究。在某些情況下，航太工程已利用晶格結構來製作堅固、高及超輕的立柱。這些立柱用於航空起重機臂，航空桅杆，可展開的立柱和太陽帆上。生物醫學/醫療保健領域利用高強度重量比和最大的表面積特性，允許人體組織向內生長，並改善了生物醫學植入物的固定性，這對患者的生活方式產生了積極影響。文獻回顧表示，大多數現有研究僅集中於研究細胞結構的少數特性（壓縮/拉伸），這會限制這些結構的應用。 蜂窩結構的彎曲、屈曲、扭轉和非線性特性尚未得到足夠的研究。
這項研究中，作者主要研究晶格晶胞尺寸、晶格形態柱高對臨界屈曲負載的影響，以及積層製造出胞柱的屈曲後行為，並使用晶胞設計方法設計了不同尺寸和形態的晶格晶胞。本研究採用高速3D列印技術（多噴射熔融）製造壓縮樣品，進行基礎實驗和模擬分析，研究各種晶格形態的臨界屈曲負載和屈曲後行為。最後，為了更進一步的分析跟優化，通過重新設計具有可變密度的結構，選擇性能最佳的垂直傾斜結構，來獲得臨界屈曲負載的最佳值。
結論是，晶胞尺寸，晶格形態，細胞柱高，垂直樑的直徑和位置，水平或傾斜樑的數量，支撐垂直樑的位置和角度會嚴重影響臨界屈曲負載和屈曲後行為，此種行為下的柱的總質量、容積比和尺寸保持不變。此外，本研究發現晶胞尺寸明顯的影響屈曲後行為， 較大的晶胞樣品以脆裂的方式產生缺陷，且隨著晶胞尺寸的減小，這種趨勢從脆性變為韌性。結果顯示，水平或傾斜梁在屈曲情況上沒有垂直梁來的重要。然而，材料在傾斜或水平方向上的分佈也很關鍵，因為它們為垂直梁提供了支撐，使其像一個整體一樣承受屈曲負載。結果亦顯示，可以通過設計可變密度細胞柱來增加臨界屈曲負載，其中柱的外邊緣的梁比內樑的厚。

Cellular structures are made up of an interconnected network of plates, struts, or small unit cells, and acquire many unique benefits such as high strength-to-weight ratio, excellent energy absorption, and minimizing material requirements. When compared to the complicated conventional processes, Additive Manufacturing (AM) technology is capable of fabricating geometries in almost all types of shapes, even with the small cellular structures inside, by adding material layer-by-layer directly from the digital data file. However, there are numerous limitations, which include low printing speed, less accuracy and repeatability, and a limited selection of materials for a particular application. The applications of cellular structures are expanding into various new areas, particularly in aerospace, automotive, biomedical, and shoe industries. Due to the high strength-to-weight ratio, the cellular structure has been used in aerospace and automotive industries, aiming to enhance the performance-to-weight ratio that can increase the efficiency of aircraft and automotive vehicles. In some cases, lattice structures have been exploited by aerospace engineers to construct stiff, robust, tall but ultralight columns, employed in aerospace crane arms, aerospace masts, deployable columns, and solar sails. High strength-to-weight ratio and maximization of surface area properties are exploited in the biomedical/healthcare sector, allowing ingrowth of the human tissue, and improved fixation of the bio-medical implant which positively influences patient’s lifestyle. The literature review has revealed that most of the existing studies have focused on investigating only a few properties (compressive/tensile) of cellular structures that can limit the application of these structures. Bending, buckling, torsion and nonlinear properties of cellular structures have not been studied sufficiently.
In this study, the author aims to investigate the effect of lattice unit cell dimensions, lattice morphology, and the height of the column on critical buckling load and post-buckling behavior of additively manufactured cellular columns. Lattice unit cells of different dimensions and various morphologies were designed using the unit cell design method. A high-speed 3D printing process (Multijet Fusion) was employed to fabricate the compressive samples for this study. Both experimental and simulation-based studies were conducted to investigate the critical buckling load and post-buckling behavior of various lattice morphologies. Finally, the best performing vertical inclined structure was chosen for further analysis and optimization by redesigning the structure with variable-density. This variable-density density structure was analyzed to achieve the optimal value of critical buckling load.
It is concluded that the unit cell dimensions, lattice morphology, cellular column height, diameter and position of vertical beams, number of horizontal or inclined beams, location and angle of the beams that supports the vertical beams significantly affect the critical buckling load and post-buckling behavior, while the total mass, volume fraction, and dimensions of the column remain the same. Additionally, it was found that the unit cell size significantly affects on the post-buckling behavior; the samples of larger unit cells failed in a brittle manner, and this trend continuously changed from brittle to ductile as the unit cell size reduces. It is revealed that vertical beams are more crucial for buckling cases, when compared with horizontal or inclined beams; however, material distribution in inclined or horizontal orientation is also critical because they provide support to vertical beams to behave as a single body to bear the buckling load. The results also revealed that the critical buckling load could be increased by designing variable density cellular columns in which the beams at the outer edges of the column is thicker compared with inner beams.

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