物聯網(Internet of Thing)在近幾年與雲端運算(Cloud Computing)同時為熱門研究之議題，隨著網路的行動化及嵌入式系統的體積小，使得市面具有互相連接、互動的設備更加多元化，並至力於使現實生活與資訊世界透過物聯網更加緊密連結。但因此造成設備的連接型態、通訊及資料格式的差異化，使得整合的過程將遇到許多困難，而在眾多研究提出之系統架構過於複雜以至於不能適用於任何型態的物聯網系統，本文將透過服務導向架構(Service-Oriented Architecture, SOA)結合網頁服務(Web Service)以及表徵狀態轉移(Representational State Transfer, REST)網站架構的設計，透過常用設計模式(Design Pattern)明確定義實現方法，以構成通用於所有物聯網系統之系統架構及富有彈性、可擴充性及低耦合性之發展平台。為使在系統中即時訊息的傳輸能夠更有效率，以提升或維持系統服務的穩定性，透過排隊理論(Queueing Theory)的分析以及最小處理時間(Shortest Processing Time, SPT)法則之優先權安排設計即時訊息傳輸排程演算法，則經由實驗結果證明演算法適用性及於不同網路狀況下之執行效果比較。

Recently, Internet of Things (IoT) is a hot topic which basically aims to add connectivity capability to heterogeneous sensor devices so that they can send information through the network. An IoT broker system plays as a service information exchange center that relays the periodic messages from heterogeneous sensor devices to IoT clients. With more and more devices participating in the communication model, the scale of entire system becomes larger. To overcome the limitation of the number of direct links to the IoT broker, the system can be divided into many subsystems, called IoT units, in order to maintain the system hierarchy. Meanwhile, a web-based message visualization provided by the IoT broker can keep the unity of interfaces for an IoT client. Although the web-based design features a service oriented architecture (SOA), the stability of displaying a large scale of vary-sized messages from the broker at the client side becomes a challenge. In this paper, we propose the IoT system skeleton first and use a shortest processing time (SPT) algorithm for scheduling IoT message requests. The implemented scheduling scheme in our system is supported by a priority queue model. Even in an unstable or bandwidth limited network environment, most of the responses can be guaranteed and stably displayed at the client side by the common web technology.

[1] Al-Ali, A. R., and Al-Rousan, M., "Java-Based Home Automation System" , IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, Vol. 50, pp. 498-504 (2004)
[2] Nunes, R. J. C., "A Web-Based Approach to the Specification and Programming of Home Automation Systems" , Proceedings of the 12th IEEE Mediterranean, pp. 693-696 (2004)
[3] Pellegrino, P., Bonino, D., and Corno, F., "Domotic House Gateway" , Proceedings of the 2006 ACM Symposium on Applied Computing, pp. 1915-1920 (2006)
[4] Starsinic, M., "System Architecture Challenges in the Home M2M Network" , Proceedings of the Applications and Technology Conference (LISAT), Long Island Systems, pp. 1-7 (2010)
[5] Zamora-Izquierdo, M. A., Santa, J., and Gomez-Skarmeta, A. F., "An Integral and Networked Home Automation Solution for Indoor Ambient Intelligence" , IEEE Pervasive Computing, Vol. 9, pp. 66-77 (2010)
[6] Fadlullah, Z. M., Fouda, M. M., Kato, N., Takeuchi, A., Iwasaki, N., and Nozaki, Y., "Toward Intelligent Machine-to-Machine Communications in Smart Grid" , IEEE Communications Magazine, Vol. 49, pp. 60-65 (2011)
[7] Lu, T., and Neng, W., "Future Internet: The Internet of Things" , Proceedings of the International Conference on Advanced Computer Theory and Engineering, Vol.5, pp. 376-380 (2010)
[8] Shelby, Z., "Embedded Web Services" , IEEE Wireless Communications, Vol. 17, pp. 52-57 (2010)
[9] Pautasso, C., and Wilde, E., "Why is the Web Loosely Coupled? A Multi-Faceted Metric for Service Design" , Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 911-920 (2009)
[10] Kranz, M., Holleis, P., and Schmidt, A., "Embedded Interaction: Interacting with the Internet of Things" , IEEE Internet Computing, Vol. 14, pp. 46-53 (2010)
[11] Zorzi, M., Gluhak, A., Lange, S., and Bassi, A., "From Today's Intranet of Things to a Future Internet of Things: A Wireless- and Mobility-Related View" , IEEE Wireless Communications, Vol. 17, pp. 43-51 (2010)
[12] Wu, M., Lu, T. J., Ling, F. Y., Sun, J., and Du, H. Y., "Research on the Architecture of Internet of Things" , Proceedings of the International Conference on Advanced Computer Theory and Engineering, Vol. 5, pp. 484-487 (2010)
[13] Ning, H. S., and Wang, Z. O., "Future Internet of Things Architecture: Like Mankind Neural System or Social Organization Framework?" , IEEE Communications Letters, Vol. 15, pp. 461-463 (2011)
[14] Schulte, R. W., and Natis, Y. V., "Service Oriented Architectures" , Part 1, SPA-401-068, Gartner Group (1996)
[15] Schulte, R. W., and Natis, Y. V., "Service Oriented Architectures" , Part 2, SPA-401-069, Gartner Group (1996)
[16] Newcomer, E., and Lomow, G., Understanding SOA with Web Services (Independent Technology Guides): Addison-Wesley Professional, pp. 27-28 (2004)
[17] Huhns, M. N., and Singh, M. P., "Service-Oriented Computing: Key Concepts and Principles" , IEEE Internet Computing, Vol. 9, pp. 75-81 (2005)
[18] Wu, J. H., and Lin, H. H., Systems Analysis And Design: Theory And Application, 5 ed, BestWise Co., Ltd., Taipei, pp. 128-168 (2010)
[19] Manes, A. T., (2009, January 05). SOA is Dead; Long Live Services. Retrieved June 26, 2012 , from http://apsblog.burtongroup.com/2009/01/soa-is-dead-long-live-services.html
[20] Papazoglou, M. P., and Heuvel, W. J., "Service Oriented Architectures: Approaches, Technologies and Research Issues," The VLDB Journal, Vol. 16, pp. 389-415 (2007)
[21] Kreger, H., "Fulfilling the Web Services Promise" , Communications of the ACM, Vol. 46, pp. 29-34 (2003)
[22] Fielding, R. T., "Architectural Styles and the Design of Network-Based Software Architectures" , Ph.D dissertation, University of California, Irvine, USA (2000)
[23] Guinard, D., Trifa, V., and Wilde, E., "A Resource Oriented Architecture for the Web of Things" , Proceedings of the Internet of Things (IoT), pp. 1-8 (2010)
[24] Trifa, V., Wieland, S., Guinard, D., and Bohner, T. M., "Design and Implementation of a Gateway for Web-based Interaction and Management of Embedded Devices" , Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Sensor Network Engineering (IWSNE’09) (2009).
[25] Dhamdhere, D. M., Operating Systems: A Concept-Based Approach, McGraw-Hill, (2007)
[26] Cottet, F., and Mammeri, Z., Scheduling in Real-Time Systems, John Wiley and Sons, (2002)
[27] Gross, D., Shortle, J. F., Thompson, J. M., and Harris, C. M., Fundamentals of Queueing Theory, John Wiley & Sons (2009)
[28] Bibeault, B., and Katz, Y., JQuery in Action, Second Edition, Manning Publications (2010)
[29] Fowler, M., (2004, January 23). Inversion of Control Containers and the Dependency Injection pattern. Retrieved June 26, 2012 , from http://martinfowler.com/articles/injection.html
[30] Fowler, M., (2005, 26 June). InversionOfControl. Retrieved June 26, 2012 , from http://martinfowler.com/bliki/InversionOfControl.html
[31] Lin, H. L. (2008, 28 October). Spring Gossip: Inversion of Control. Retrieved June 26, 2012 , from http://caterpillar.onlyfun.net/Gossip/SpringGossip/IOC.html
[32] Lin, H. L. (2008, 28 October). Spring Gossip: Dependency Injection. Retrieved June 26, 2012 , from http://caterpillar.onlyfun.net/Gossip/SpringGossip/DI.html
[33] Richardson, L., and Ruby, S., RESTful Web Services, O'Reilly (2007)