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研究生： Yeabsra Mekdim Hailu
Yeabsra Mekdim Hailu
論文名稱： 積層製造基於表面晶格結構之扭轉性能的設計與研究
Design and Investigation of Torsional Properties of Additively Manufactured Surface-Based Lattice Structures
指導教授： 鄭正元
Jeng-Ywan Jeng
Aamer Nazir
Aamer Nazir
口試委員: 鄭正元
Jeng-Ywan Jeng
Aamer Nazir
Aamer Nazir
許啟彬
Chi-Pin Hsu
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工程學院 - 機械工程系
Department of Mechanical Engineering
論文出版年： 2022
畢業學年度： 110
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 145
中文關鍵詞： 晶格結構 、扭轉 、設計 、積層製造 、功能梯度晶格 、扭轉剛度 、能量吸收 、失效行為
外文關鍵詞： Lattice Structures, Torsion, Design, Additive Manufacturing, Functionally Gradient Lattice, Torsional Stiffness, Energy Absorption, Failure behavior
相關次數： 點閱：263  下載：7 
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    • 晶格結構具有優異的機械性能，並正被應用於生物醫學、航空航天、汽車、建築與眾多其他領域。在週期性晶格結構中，基於TPMS的晶格結構由於其強化的機械性能而受到廣泛的關注。晶胞的相對密度和拓樸結構為影響晶格結構機械性能最重要的兩個因素。由於TPMS是藉由數學控制的拓樸結構，通過操作這些隱式方程控制他們的拓樸與相對密度，可以針對應用需求被有效率的精確設計。這些具有訂製特性的複雜結構可以藉由積層製造工藝輕易的製造，並有高精度、表面光潔度與機械性質。
    這項研究中，數種均勻密度、梯度密度、功能梯度TPMS與基於支柱的晶格結構被設計為圓柱形，並在所有設計中保持恆定的相對密度。為了研究晶結構的特性，例如扭轉剛度、能量吸收和破壞特徵，進行了將所有結構扭轉至破壞的扭轉實驗。實驗研究中所有樣品由 HP Multi Jet Fusion 4200機器製造。
    結果表明，結構的剛度和能量吸收率可以通過與扭轉負載引起的應力集中相對應的有效材料分布提升。此外有效的材料分布也會影響破壞機制、延緩結構的塑性變形，增加其抵抗扭轉負載的能力。

    Lattice structures have excellent mechanical properties and are being utilized in several applications in the biomedical, aerospace, automotive, construction, and other sectors. Among the periodic lattice structures, TPMS based lattices have gained considerable attention due to their enhanced mechanical properties. The relative density and topology of unit cells are the two most important factors affecting lattice structures' mechanical properties. Since TPMS structures are mathematically controlled topologies, they can efficiently be precisely designed for required applications by manipulating these implicit equations to control their topologies and relative density. These intricate and complex structures with tailored properties can easily be fabricated using additive manufacturing processes with high accuracy, surface finish, and mechanical properties. In this study, several uniform densities, gradient density, and functionally gradient TPMS and strut-based lattice structures were designed in cylindrical shapes keeping the relative density constant across all designs. Torsional experiment until failure of each structure was conducted to investigate properties of the lattice structures such as torsional stiffness, energy absorption, and failure characteristics. HP Multi Jet Fusion 4200 machine was used to fabricate all specimens for the experimental study. The results have shown that stiffness and energy absorption of structures can be improved by an effective material distribution that corresponds to stress concentration due to torsional load. In addition, effective material distribution also affects the failure mechanism and delay the plastic deformation of structures, increasing their resistance to torsional loads.

    TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE I MASTER’S THESIS RECOMMENDATION FORM II QUALIFICATION FORM BY MASTER’S DEGREE EXAMINATION COMMITTEE III ACKNOWLEDGMENT IV ABSTRACT (CHINESE) V ABSTRACT (ENGLISH) VI TABLE OF CONTENTS VII LIST OF FIGURES X LIST OF TABLES XVI CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Introduction to Cellular Structures 1 1.2 Problem Statement and Motivation 3 1.3 Objectives 5 1.4 Thesis Organization 5 CHAPTER 2 - LITERATURE REVIEW 6 2.1 Lattice Structures 6 2.1.1 Types 7 2.1.2 Benefits and Application 11 2.1.3 Patterning of Unit Cells and Functionally Gradient Lattices 13 2.1.4 Limitations of Conventional Manufacturing in Fabricating Lattice Structures 17 2.2 Additive Manufacturing 18 2.2.1 The Seven Categories of Additive Manufacturing 18 2.2.2 Advantages of Additive Manufacturing 21 2.2.3 Additive Manufacturing of Lattice Structures 23 2.3 Torsional and Mechanical Properties of TPMS Structures 24 CHAPTER 3 - DESIGN OF LATTICE STRUCTURES 28 3.1 Limitations of CAD systems to design TPMS structures 28 3.2 Design of Uniform Density Lattice Structures 30 3.2.1 Design of TPMS based Lattice Structure 31 3.2.2 Design of strut-based Lattice Structure 34 3.3 Design of Gradient Density Lattice Structures 38 3.3.1 Design of ‘DS-L’ Lattice Structure 39 3.3.2 Design of ‘DS-M’ Lattice Structure 41 3.3.3 Design of ‘DS-I’ Lattice Structure 42 3.3.4 Design of ‘DS-O’ Lattice Structure 44 3.4 Design of Functionally Gradient Lattice Structures 45 3.4.1 Design of ‘D’ Lattice Structure 48 3.4.2 Design of ‘VI’ Lattice Structure 50 3.4.3 Design of ‘CA’ Lattice Structure 53 3.4.4 Design of ‘CR’ Lattice Structure 54 3.4.5 Design of ‘CF’ Lattice Structure 56 CHAPTER 4 – MATERIALS AND METHODS 59 4.1 Additive Manufacturing of Lattice Structures 59 4.1.1 HP Multi Jet Fusion (MJF) 4200 Technology 60 4.1.2 Material Used 64 4.1.3 Printing Orientation and Placement in Powder Bed 65 4.1.4 Post-processing of Printed Samples 67 4.1.5 Manufactured Samples 68 4.2 Experimental Method 71 4.3 Result Calculation 72 4.3.1 Torsional Stiffness Calculation 72 4.3.2 Polar Moment of Inertia Calculation 73 4.3.3 Shear Stress-Strain Calculations 75 4.3.4 Energy Absorption Calculation 76 CHAPTER 5 – RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 77 5.1 Uniform Density Lattice Structures 77 5.1.1 Torsional Stiffness 77 5.1.2 Energy Absorption 83 5.1.3 Failure of Structures 86 5.2 Gradient Density Lattice Structures 89 5.2.1 Torsional Stiffness 90 5.2.2 Energy Absorption 93 5.2.3 Failure of Structures 95 5.3 Functionally Gradient Lattice Structures 97 5.3.1 Torsional Stiffness 98 5.3.2 Energy Absorption 101 5.3.3 Failure of Structures 104 5.4 Performance Comparison of Lattice Structures 105 5.4.1 Effect of Effective Material Distribution 106 5.4.2 Effect of Circularly Patterning Unit Cells 109 5.4.3 Comparison with Solid cylinder 112 5.5 Significance and Limitation of the Study 114 CHAPTER 6 – CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK 116 REFERENCES 119

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