本文主旨探討因嚴重牙周病、維護不良或是在植牙手術過程中爲增加牙床寬度而磨除上層齒槽骨等原因，造成齒槽骨高度減少而影響植牙區應力的情形。根據齒槽骨幾何尺寸與材料性質，製作出近似實體之雙骨質齒槽骨模型，並植入植體、支台及齒冠，而模擬齒槽骨高度減少時將實體模型的皮質骨局部逐漸磨除，同時進行應變規法與有限元素法的分析比較。
分析結果顯示，齒槽骨的最大應力通常發生在植體與骨組織互相接觸部位上，在上段為植體頸部與皮質骨上緣相接處，在下段為植體底部與鬆質骨相交處，而植體周圍骨組織的應力會隨齒槽骨高度降低而增加。植體底部的縱向位移會隨齒槽骨高度減少而有增大的趨勢。當齒冠側邊承受水平力且齒槽骨降低高度時，植體與齒冠的橫向位移會明顯增加，進而使植體鬆動。

The purpose of this thesis is to study the influence of the height decrease of alveolar bone on Stress distribution in Implant-Supported Region, resulted from serious periodontal disease, careless maintenance, removing upper alveolar bone in order to increase bone ridge width in oral implant surgery.
According to the real alveolus bone which contains the cortical bone and the cancellous bone, we establish a two-material model. The material constants (Modulus of Elasticity and Poisson’s Ration) of the model were determined experimentally. An implant was installed in the model as well as an abutment and a crown to simulate a real oral implantation.
The complete model under occlusion was simulated by FEM. At the surface of the real model of the selected point was bonded a bi-axes strain gage. Thickness of the cortical bone on the model was reduced gradually to simulate the height decrease of the alveolar bone. The measured axial strains which under occlusion were found agree well with those results from FEM.
From the results, the portion of alveolus bone that contacts with the implant is generally subjected to the maximum stress, the upside of cortical bone that contacts with the neck of implant, and the cencellous bone that contacts with the root of implant. The stress distribution rises in alveolus bone near the implant when the height decrease of alveolar bone.
The vertical displacement of the root of implant increases with decreasing of the height of alveolar bone. When the crown is subjected to horizontal force, the transverse displacement of the implant and the crown increases with decreasing of the height of alveolar bone.

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