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研究生: 張珈榮
Roger - Jia Rong, Jhang
論文名稱: 低待機功率消耗嵌入式系統設計與其在遙控捲門之應用
The Design of a Low Standby Power Consumption Embedded System and its Application in Remotely Controlled Automatic Door System
指導教授: 林銘波
Ming-Bo Lin
口試委員: 陳郁堂
Yie-Tarng Chen
楊兆華
none
蔡政鴻
Cheng-Hung Tsai
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電資學院 - 電子工程系
Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering
論文出版年: 2016
畢業學年度: 104
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 76
中文關鍵詞: 超級電容閂鎖繼電器遙控電動鐵捲門系統嵌入式系統低待機功率消耗
外文關鍵詞: embedded system, low stand-by power consumption, latching relay, ultra capacitor, remotely controlled automatic door system
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  • 隨著節能減碳議題的日益重視,當今的任何電氣設備之設計,降低能源消耗為首要目標。近年來,隨著物聯網設備的興起與電器設備的智慧化,使得嵌入式系統的應用大幅提升。基於這些原因,本論文探討如何應用嵌入式系統並結合其它電子元件,以設計一個低待機功率消耗的遙控電動鐵捲門系統。
    為了達到低待機功率消耗之需求,在設計的遙控電動鐵捲門系統中,我們結合了超級電容(Ultra capacitor)、閂鎖繼電器(Latching relay)、MCU (Microcontroller)以在待機時切斷交直流轉換器的市電供應,減少交直流轉換器的轉換能量損失。MCU系統待機時的電源則由超級電容預存的能量供應。
    經由完成的遙控電動鐵捲門系統實驗結果顯示,量測系統的待機功耗可以低到10mW,而一般遙控電動鐵捲門在待機狀態時仍需要0.3到3 W的功率消耗,相較之下可以降低 97% 以上的待機功率消耗,且不會影響到原來遙控電動鐵捲門的功能。
    關鍵字:超級電容、閂鎖繼電器、遙控電動鐵捲門系統、嵌入式系統、低待機功率消


    With the advent of issues of carbon reduction, nowadays the main objective of the design of any electrical devices is centered on such an issue. Recently, along with the popularity of Internet of thing (IOT) and the intelligence associated with electrical devices, the applications of embedded systems are dramatically increased. For these reasons, we explore in this thesis how to apply an embedded system together with other electrical components to design a remotely controlled automatic door system.
    To achieve the requirement of low stand-by power consumption, in the design of the remotely controlled automatic door system, we combine a ultra capacitor, a latching relay, and a MCU (microcomputer) so as to cutoff the AC power of the AC-to-DC converter in the stand-by mode, thereby leading to the significant reduction of stand-by power consumption. The embedded system is powered by the ultra capacitor in the stand-by mode.
    Through the experiments of the completed remotely controlled automatic door system, the measured stand-by power consumption can be as low as 10 mW, as compared to the 0.3 W to 3 W of traditional remotely controlled automatic door systems, a reduction of 97% stand-by power consumption can be achieved.
    Keywords: ultra capacitor, latching relay, remotely controlled automatic door system, embedded system, low stand-by power consumption.

    第1 章 導論 ................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 近代電器設備的基本架構及共通性 ............................................................ 1 1.1.1 家用電器設備基本架構 ..................................................................... 1 1.1.2 物聯網裝置基本架構 ......................................................................... 2 1.1.3 共通性—待機功耗 ............................................................................. 3 1.2 待機功耗的問題 ............................................................................................ 4 1.3 研究動機與目的 ............................................................................................ 5 1.4 相關研究綜覽 ................................................................................................ 5 1.5 論文架構 ........................................................................................................ 6 第2 章 相關研究 ......................................................................................................... 7 2.1 人體紅外線感測器(Passive IR Sensor): ..................................................... 7 2.2 紅外線接收器(Active IR Reciver): ............................................................ 9 2.3 按鈕觸發: .................................................................................................. 10 2.4 能量回收裝置 .............................................................................................. 11 2.5 相關研究結論 .............................................................................................. 12 第3 章 低待機功率消耗嵌入式系統電路設計 ....................................................... 13 3.1 低待機功耗的來源 ...................................................................................... 13 3.2 電路設計原理 .............................................................................................. 15 3.3 電路完整結構 .............................................................................................. 16 3.4 Embedded System 嵌入式系統 .................................................................... 17 3.5 UltraCapacitor 超級電容 .............................................................................. 17 3.6 Boost Module 升壓電路 ............................................................................... 18 3.7 Latch Relay 閂鎖繼電器 ............................................................................... 22 3.8 Start Button 啟動按鈕 ................................................................................... 24 3.9 低待機功率消耗嵌入式系統電路工作流程 .............................................. 27 3.10 設計要點 .................................................................................................... 29 3.11 實作成品 .................................................................................................... 30 第4 章 低待機功耗遙控鐵捲門 ............................................................................... 31 4.1 遙控鐵捲門待機功耗來源 .......................................................................... 31 4.2 低待機功耗遙控鐵捲門 .............................................................................. 32 4.3 Door Control & Driver 鐵捲門驅動器 ......................................................... 33 4.3.1 鐵捲門驅動器:BLDC ( Brushless DC Motor ) .............................. 33 4.3.2 鐵捲門驅動器:交流馬達 ............................................................... 35 4.4 MCU PIC16LF1937 ...................................................................................... 39 4.5 Silicon Si4432 無線傳輸模組 ..................................................................... 40 4.5.1 Si4432 Operating Modes ........................................................................... 41 4.5.2 Si4432 Packet Structure &傳輸流程 ......................................................... 41 4.5.3 Si4432 Low Duty Cycle Mode Operation .......................................... 44 4.6 MCU 和Si4432 睡眠時系統電壓VCC 的波形 ......................................... 46 4.7 低待機功耗遙控鐵捲門工作流程 .............................................................. 51 第5 章 實驗結果 ....................................................................................................... 55 5.1 待機功耗量測結果 ...................................................................................... 55 5.2 不同限流電組功耗差別 .............................................................................. 57 第6 章 結論 ............................................................................................................... 59 參考文獻 ............................................................................................................... 61

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