戶外色外貌｜國立臺灣科技大學博碩士論文系統

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研究生：	梁亞甄 Ya-Chen Liang
論文名稱：	戶外色外貌 Colour Appearance in the Outdoor Environment
指導教授：	歐立成 Li-Chen Ou 孫沛立 Pei-Li Sun
口試委員:	李宗憲 Tsung-Xian Lee 林宗翰 Tzung-Han Lin
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	應用科技學院 - 色彩與照明科技研究所 Graduate Institute of Color and Illumination Technology
論文出版年：	2015
畢業學年度：	103
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	82
中文關鍵詞：	色外貌模型、CIECAM02 、色彩視覺、戶外環境
外文關鍵詞：	Color Appearance Model, CIECAM02, Color vision, Outdoor environment
相關次數：	點閱：294 下載：9
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上一筆

　　在現有的色外貌模型中，如CIECAM02，已經針對各種顯示器、印刷等跨媒體進行了許多研究，但這些研究的實驗環境卻僅限於室內，一直不清楚根據室內實驗設置的這些色彩外貌模型是否也適用於室外環境。因為戶外天氣瞬息萬變，戶外亮度的變化會遠比室內來的大，但人眼也具備相當的適應能力，更重要的是，戶外的照明層級高於室內照明。戶外的色彩應用也不同於室內環境，在戶外的建築物色彩與都市色彩規劃中色彩測量是不可或缺的。
　　實驗在戶外及室內兩種環境進行，特別的是戶外實驗是在晴天由所有受測者同時進行。受測者由給訂參考白與參考彩度評估每個色彩樣本的明度、視彩度及色相，在評估每個樣本的同時，測量色彩樣本、參考白與灰背景的三刺激值。
　　實驗結果顯示人眼色彩感知量在戶外環境與室內環境的結果為高度相關，且觀測數據也與CIECAM02預測的三色外貌屬性高度相關。雖然明度的觀測結果與預測結果是高度相關，但數據顯示受測者對於無彩色的明度變化比高度飽和色彩的明度變化更敏感。根據上述原因，本研究建立了新的明度預測公式。

　　Existing colour appearance models such as CIECAM02 have typically been developed using displays, prints and other media. Nevertheless, these studies have been limited to indoor conditions. It has been unclear whether or not these colour appearance models based on indoor experimental settings also apply to the outdoor environment. There is much greater variation in the luminance of light source outdoors (i.e. the day light) than indoor lights, due to unpredictable weather conditions. The human visual system has considerable ability to adapt to such variation. More importantly, the illumination level is way higher in the outdoor environment than indoor lighting. Colour applications for indoor conditions are quite different than those for the outdoor environment. The latter include outdoor colour measurement which is essential for architectural colour design and urban colour planning.
　　Two experimental environments were conducted in this study, indoor and outdoor. Especially all observers conducted the outdoor experiment in the same place at the same time on a sunny day. The reference white and reference colorfulness were given so that observers were asked to estimate the lightness, colourfulness and hue for each test colour. During the experiment, for each test colour, the reference white, gray background and the test colour itself were measured in terms of the tristimulus.
　　The experimental results show the color perception of observers was high correlated between indoor and outdoor environment, and so was which between visual data and values predicted by CIECAM02 in terms of the three colour appearance scales. Although the perceived lightness also shows high correlation, experimental data suggests that the observers were more sensitive to variation in lightness for greyish colours than for highly saturated colours. Based on the experimental results mentioned above, this study constructed a new formula for predicting lightness.

摘要 I
Abstract II
誌謝 IV
目錄 V
圖目錄 VIII
表目錄 XI
第一章　緒論 1
1.1　研究動機與目的 1
1.2　研究限制 1
1.3　論文架構 2
第二章　基本原理與文獻探討 3
2.1　色度學 3
2.1.1　人眼色彩視覺 3
2.1.2　色匹配實驗 4
2.1.3　CIE色度座標與三刺激值 5
2.1.4　CIELAB均勻色彩空間 6
2.2　色外貌模型 8
2.2.1　觀測環境 8
2.2.2　視覺適應理論 9
2.2.3　色外貌現象	 11
2.2.4　色外貌屬性 11
2.3　CIECAM02 12
2.3.1　輸入資料 13
2.3.2　色適應轉換公式 14
2.3.3　相關色屬性計算 15
2.4　戶外環境之色外貌研究 16
第三章　實驗設計與研究方法 18
3.1　實驗設備 18
3.2　挑選色彩樣本 19
3.3　實驗環境 23
3.4　實驗受測者 27
3.5　實驗問卷設計 28
3.6　實驗流程 29
3.7　研究方法 30
3.7.1　心理物理學量測方法 30
3.7.2　實驗數據分析 31
第四章　實驗結果與分析 32
4.1　受測者間差異性分析 (inter-observer variability) 32
4.2　2013年實驗結果 33
4.2.1　2013年戶外晴天 33
4.2.2　2013年暗室燈箱 37
4.2.3　2013年戶外晴天與暗室燈箱結果比較 40
4.3　2014年實驗結果 40
4.3.1　2014年戶外晴天 40
4.3.2　2014年暗室燈箱 44
4.3.3　2014年戶外晴天與暗室燈箱結果比較 46
4.4　2013與2014結果比較 47
4.5　明度公式修正 49
4.6　明度預測模型比較 53
第五章　結論與建議 58
5.1　總結 58
5.2　未來研究方向 59
參考文獻 60
附錄A　2013年戶外晴天參考白亮度	62
附錄B　2014年戶外晴天參考白亮度	63
附錄C　2013年戶外晴天實驗數據	64
附錄D　2013年暗室燈箱實驗數據	65
附錄E　2014年戶外晴天實驗數據	66
附錄F　2014年暗室燈箱實驗數據	68

                                

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