暴露於微粒濃度高的環境對於人體健康的危害已經被證實。有研究指出，當空氣中懸浮微粒濃度增加時，人體因呼吸系統疾病的就醫率也會增加。因此，當突如其來會產生大量微粒汙染源的事件發生時（如火災），能及時且有效去除懸浮微粒的技術期望被開發。本論文提出飛行靜電集塵器的構想，將靜電集塵器搭載於旋翼型無人飛行器上。利用靜電集塵器低壓力降與高集塵效率的特色，結合旋翼型無人飛行器的高機動性，可不拘於交通與地形的限制，能及時地將靜電集塵器移動至污染源上方直接捕集粒狀汙染物。靜電集塵器是利用電液動力學的原理來收集微粒，其運作原理是利用電暈放電將通過的微粒充電，接著，再利用感應靜電力迫使這些帶電微粒往收集電極移動而被收集。由於靜電集塵器的電極不是極小就是與氣流方向平行，因此與袋式集塵器的濾網相比，靜電集塵器壓力降非常小，而且不容易隨著集塵量增加而改變。飛行靜電集塵器可以利用此低壓力降的特色，藉由燃燒過程中產生的自然對流來帶動微粒引導入靜電集塵器內，而不需額外加裝風扇來引導氣流。然而，在低流速的環境下，傳統二階靜電集塵器之充電區內會有離子風的產生，且離子風方向垂直於入口氣流方向，因此當微粒經過充電區時可能會受於離子風阻擋的影響，而無法順利進入收集區中，降低微粒被捕集的機會。為了改善靜電集塵器入口氣流受到離子風阻擾的影響，本論文以改變傳統二階靜電集塵器中冠狀電極與激發電極的擺置方式，使產生的離子風方向不完全垂直於入口氣流方向。此改良後的傳統二階靜電集塵器稱之為「類」二階靜電集塵器。由實驗結果可知，類二階靜電集塵器可比傳統二階靜電集塵器更容易引導約11.8%的微粒量進入靜電集塵器內。此外，由於飛行靜電集塵器是處於動態的環境下收集粒狀汙染物，因此本論文亦討論靜電集塵器在移動過程中集塵效率的特徵與變化。結果顯示，集塵效率隨著排斥電壓的增加而上升。在動態測試中，類二階靜電集塵器移動的距離並不影響其集塵效率。然而，在不同的移動速度下，集塵效率在5 kV以上的排斥電壓時，將可承受約5g的振動加速度影響。當排斥電壓下降至2 kV以下時，只要振動加速度大於3g，收集板上的微粒就會受到影響而脫落，導致集塵效率低落。隨著振動加速度的增加與排斥電壓的下降，影響集塵效率的程度越大，至多影響約20%的集塵效率。總結來說，當靜電集塵器操作於移動的狀態時，不需考慮移動距離對於集塵效率的影響。若在低排斥電壓下，收集板上的微粒則越容易受到振動的影響而脫落並迴流於空氣中，最終導致集塵效率低落，且集塵效率隨著振動加速度的增強而降低。

Exposure to an environment that has a high-concentrated aerosol particle has been confirmed to be harmful to human health. According to the literatures, when the concentration of aerosol particle increases, the rate of going to the clinic because of respiratory diseases increases. Hence, when a sudden incident in which a large number of aerosol particles are produced, such as fires, a device that is capable of removing those particles efficiently and effectively is expected to be developed. This thesis proposes a concept, “flying electrostatic precipitator (flying ESP),” that combines an ESP (high collection efficiency) and a drone (high mobility) to collect those particles directly on top of it regardless of traffic and terrain. ESP collects particles based on the principle of electrohydrodynamics. The passing particles are charged by corona discharge. Then these charged particles move to the collecting electrode by the effect of induced electrostatic force when passing through the collector. Because the electrodes of the ESP are either thin or parallel to the direction of the airflow, the pressure drop of the ESP is much smaller than that of the bag filter. Besides, the collection efficiency of an ESP does not increase over the dust accumulation. Taking the advantage of low pressure drop, particles can pass a flying ESP because of the airflow generated by the natural convection that is caused by combustion, without using external fans. However, the charger of the traditional two-stage ESP generates the ionic wind that is perpendicular to the incoming airflow. If the incoming airflow is low enough, the ion wind can significantly impede the incoming airflow, reducing the chance of particles entering the ESP (by pass). Thus, this thesis proposes the semi two-stage ESP to make the ionic wind direction not completely perpendicular to the incoming airflow. The results showed that the semi two-stage ESP can guide about 11.8% particles into the ESP more than the traditional two-stage ESP can. Additionally, because the flying ESP collects particles while moving, this thesis also discusses the characteristics of collection efficiency as the ESP works in moving state. The results showed that the collection efficiency increases exponentially with the increasing of the repelling voltage. The moving distance of the semi two-stage ESP does not affect the collection efficiency. Nevertheless, when the repelling voltage is over 5 kV, the collection efficiency is not affected even the vibrational acceleration is 5g (moving velocity at 0.22 m/s). When the repelling voltage is below 2 kV, the particles on the collecting electrode can fall off as long as the vibration acceleration is higher than 3g. With a high vibration acceleration and a low repelling voltage, the collection efficiency can be significantly influenced, up to 20% loss of the collection efficiency. In summary, when ESP operates in a moving state, it is not necessary to consider the influence of the moving distance for the collection efficiency. However, when ESP operates at a low repelling voltage, the particles on the collecting plate can be coming off due to vibration, lowering the collection efficiency. The collection efficiency decreases with the increasing of the vibration.

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