嵌入式系統架構研究及其應用｜國立臺灣科技大學博碩士論文系統

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研究生：	林賢宗 Hsien-Tsung Lin
論文名稱：	嵌入式系統架構研究及其應用 Investigating the Structure of Embedded system and Applications
指導教授：	邱炳樟 Bin-Chang Chieu
口試委員:	王秀仁 Show-Ran Wang 黃忠偉 Jong-Woei Whang
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	電資學院 - 電子工程系 Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering
論文出版年：	2006
畢業學年度：	94
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	95
中文關鍵詞：	嵌入式系統
外文關鍵詞：	Embedded system
相關次數：	點閱：162 下載：4
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在辦公室裡，電腦和網際網路已是很方便的辦公工具了，一般來說是需要一些資訊技術人員來進行各項電腦及網路系統伺服器的安裝，現在家用電腦及家用網路也同樣很普及，在家裡我們可以很輕易的把電腦連接上網際網路，但要和家人及朋友分享即有資訊，基本上我們需要一台家用伺服器一天24小時不斷的提供服務。

家用伺服器可以用桌上型電腦或筆記型電來安裝，但需要一些較專業的伺服器經驗才能順利安裝成功，對於沒有這方面經驗的人就不是那麼容易了，尤其是這種家用伺服器需要一天24小時不斷的運作，我們也許會有耗電、系統的穩定性、系統維護及價錢發費等方面的考量。

綜合考量各項因素，實際上嵌入式系統將會是家用伺服器最好的選擇，它不但運作安靜無聲、省電、低價、體積小及穩定外，也可以做到很容易設定及維護, 隨時與家人及朋友分享相關資訊。在這實驗製作裡，我們選擇韓國三星電子所生產的ARM中央處理器 S3C2410C，它符合了我們各項需求，系統板部份提供 10 MHz的乙太網路，對於家用伺服器而言，它已可滿足大部份的網際網路通訊頻寬需求了。

In office , Computer and internet are pretty convenience tools for business, normally IT guy can help if any requirement needed, they can install the office working computer and network server for our business needed. Home computer is popular also, people can connect their computer to internet easily , but it is difficult to share the content to family and friends, for that, we need a home server to provide the service at any time, the home server needs to be powered, well connect to internet, standby for the accessing.

Basically we can install desktop or notebook computer as a home server, but need specific server knowledge to make the installation, it is not quite easy for a person who did not have experience on that area, especially the home server needs to keep running day by day, people probably have some concern on the power consumption, system reliability, system maintenance and cost, etc.

Overall considering, actually embedded system would be the best solution for the home server service, it is quiet, less power, low cost, compact and reliable, easy for setting and maintaining, sharing all things with family and friends at any time. In this experiment we selected Samsung ARM CPU processor “S3C2410” that meet the requirement we needed, system board included one 10Mhz Ethernet port, for a home server, it can handle most of internet communication performance requirement.

中文摘要 ...............................................................	I
Abstract	............................................................... II
Contents of Index......................................................  III
List of Figures ........................................................ VI
List of Tables ......................................................... VII

Chapter 1 : Introduction	.............................................	1
1 Motivation	......................................................	1
2 The goal of Learning	.............................................	2
3 Thesis Organization	.............................................	3

Chapter 2 : Platform structure and software programming
            process......................................................	5
1 Platform selection	.............................................	5
2 YF2410-II-S System structure overview	...........................	7
2.1 Evaluation board interface	....................................	7
2.2 System Block Diagram...........................................	8
3 S3C2410 processor overview.........................................	9
3.1 Key feature inside S3C2410	....................................	9
3.2 S3C2410 Block Diagram.........................................	10
4 Embedded software programming process..............................	12
4.1 Programming the boot loader “YFloader.bin”
          in to Nand Flash ROM...........................................	12
4.2 Prepare a Linux system for developing and
          programming...................................................	14
4.3 Programming Kernel image file “zImage” and
          Linux Root file system........................................	16
4.3.1 Programming kernel image “zImage”.......................	17
4.3.2 Programming embedded Linux root system “root_system.cramfs”		......................................................	18
4.4 Programming process and booting...............................	19
5 Embedded Linux starting...........................................	20
5.1 Arm Linux booting	.............................................	20
5.2 Console control for system operation...........................	23

Chapter 3 : Development environment	....................................	25
1 Linux Kernel	......................................................	26
1.1 Introduce Linux Kernel........................................	26
1.2 Configuring the Linux.........................................	28
1.2.1 Key functions in configuration file.......................	28
1.2.2 Setting in Kernel configuration file.......................	30
1.2.3 Configuring Linux kernel...................................	31
1.3 Compiling Linux Image file	....................................	35
2 GCC compiler	......................................................	36
2.1 Introduce the GCC	............................................	36
2.2 Structure of GCC 2.95.........................................	37
2.3 Compiling With GCC............................................	38
2.3.1 Tool chain	.............................................	39
2.3.2 Kernel Makefile...........................................	41
3 Linux embedded root file system...................................	44
3.1 The structure of root file system	..........................	44
3.2 System initialization scripts.................................	47
3.2.1 Executing script procedure................................	47
3.2.2 First script file rcS	....................................	48
3.2.3 Second script file rc.local...............................	49
3.2.4 External script file local on USB module	.................	50
3.3 Packing the root file system..................................	51
3.3.1 Driver module change	...................................	51
3.3.2 Change root file system only..............................	51
4 Busybox...........................................................	53
4.1 Introduce Busybox	.............................................	53
4.1.1 Current defined functions of busybox in
              root file system..........................................	54
4.1.2 Busybox functions on latest version 1.1.1.................	54
4.2 Configuring the Busybox	...................................	55
4.3 Compiling and using Busybox...................................	56

Chapter 4 : Applications................................................	58
1 Dynamic IP updating for internal Domain name......................	61
1.1 Dynamic IP address for a domain name..........................	61
1.2 Compiling dynamic IP updating utility.........................	63
1.3 Configuring the dynamic IP update
          configuration file............................................	64
1.4 Executing ez-ipupdate the dynamic IP
          update utility................................................	64
2 Web HTTP server...................................................	66
2.1 HTTP server selection.........................................	67
2.2 Compiling Boa web http server.................................	68
2.3 Configuration Boa web http server	..........................	69
2.4 Executing Boa web server	...................................	70
3 FTP server	......................................................	72
3.1 FTP server selection..........................................	73
3.2 Compiling Vsftpd Server source code	..........................	74
3.3 Configuring Vsftpd Server	...................................	76
3.4 Executing Vsftpd FTP server...................................	76
3.5 User management	............................................	78

Chapter 5 : Conclusion..................................................	80

References (參考文獻)...................................................	83

Appendix	...............................................................	85
  Appendix A  Dynamic IP update Configuration	..........................	85
  Appendix B  Configuration of Boa http web server......................	86
  Appendix C  Configuration of Vsftpd ftp server........................	92

                                

[1] 張原豪, “Implementation of Embedded Linux with NOR Flash Memory as Its Disk System”, Jun 2004

[2] Andy D. Pimentel, Cagkan Erbas, Simon Polstra, “A Systematic Approach to Exploring Embedded System Architectures at Multiple Abstraction Levels”, IEEE Computer Society, Feb 2006

[3] Samsung, S3C2410C user menu, usermenu_s3c2410s_rev12_030428.pdf

[4] Karim Yaghmour, “ Building Embedded LINUX Systems”, REILLY, April 2003

[5] Ralph Droms, “Automated Configuration of TCP/IP with DHCP”, IEEE internet computing, July 1999

[6] Manual of GNU Compiler Collection http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc-2.95.3/g77.html

[7] Description documentation of Busybox utility. http://www.busybox.net/downloads/BusyBox.html

[8] 新華電腦股份有限公司, Embedded Linux 在 ARM9 S3C2410 上實作, 全華科技圖書股份有限公司著, Feb 2005.

[9] Tao Lin, Hai Zhao, Jiyong Wang, Guangjie Han, Jindong Wang, “An Embedded Web Server for Equipments”, 2004 International Symposium on Parallel Architectures, Algorithms and Networks (ISPAN'04) , May 2004

[10] Alan Grosskurth, Michael W. Godfrey, “A Reference Architecture for Web Browsers”, 21st IEEE International Conference on Software Maintenance (ICSM'05) , September 2005

[11] Documentation of Boa the web server application http://www.boa.org/documentation/

[12] Documentation of Very Secure FTP server, http://vsftpd.beasts.org/#docs

[13] Kurt Wall and William von Hagen, The definitive guide to GCC, 博碩文化, April 2005.

[14] Fedora Core 3 LINUX 實務應用 --- 施威銘研究室著, 2004/12

[15] Ripduman Sohan, Steven Hand, “A User-Level Approach To Network Attached Storage”, The IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks 30th Anniversary (LCN'05) , Nov 2005.

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