新建機場與航廈從評估、規劃、招標、建置到啟用至少需要十年以上的時間，其工程參考國際標竿機場經驗及透過如何改善現行的作業需求的方向來設計未來新機場的航廈建築樣貌、旅客空間與營運安全、行李處理及資通訊系統運用，並結合近年的智慧機場概念如ACDM(機場協同運作管理機制)、AODB(機場營運資料庫)、RMS(資源管理系統)、ERS(緊急資源系統)、SMS(安全管理系統航務系統)及BIM(建築資訊模組)等等，來提升機場的流程與效率。
但過程中，機場面臨的問題很多，機場的資訊科技發展與旅客需求的成長速度比機場建置規畫發展快很多。因此，原本機場系統的資訊孤島（Information island）與穀倉效應（Silo Effect）現象，也會發生新建機場或新建航廈的資通訊系統完成後，原先規畫建置之系統已非最新技術且無法完全滿足機場旅客的新需求及配合旅客智慧裝置的應用。同樣問題也反應在新航廈與舊航廈的資訊整合瓶頸及機場流程與系統改善速度跟不上機場業務展與旅客服務應用等等問題上。
現行許多提供機場解決方案的商業公司，提供各種的商用現貨軟體(COTS)來解決或提升現行機場單一運作的效能，但因導入多半由機場各作業單位於不同時間與目的自行導入，只提升了單一系統的智能化，但會有系統目標不一致、技術標準疏漏、資料交換困難、風險估算程度不同及資安問題對於整體機場的智慧化缺乏擴充彈性與整合需求的協同平台，通常會造成商用現貨軟體(COTS)無法有效整合其他單位的業務需求。
雖然，機場解決方案的商業公司提出各種整體解決方案的智慧機場的概念，並期望透過建立機場營運資料庫整合(AODB)，整合資訊系統與改善服務流程。但在機場資訊發展實務上，應由機場各相關單位的協同發展規畫與發展程序開始，並能提供以使用者需求考量的具有彈性擴充的平台架構，使機場商用現貨軟體或自行開發軟體能順利導入，以滿足智慧機場持續發展需求。
本研究於台灣桃園國際機場(TTIA)，直接與各作業單位人員及利害關係人訪談，了解其資訊整合需求及未來發展期望，依機場實務經驗與作業程序分類與規劃，提出從輸入者、存取方式、進入網站、運用服務、整合運用、核心資料庫及硬體基礎設施等多層式整體機場通資訊架構。
本架構平台最大的優點是每一層都具有垂直協調與平行擴充的彈性，未來隨著科技進步與機場成長的需求，都可以從使用者便利需求、系統功能需求、資料庫成長需求及硬體網路設施增設等等需求上持續成長，使國際機場航廈成為具有真正競爭力的智慧機場。
Keywords: ACDM、AODB、RMS、ERS、SMS、BIM、COTS、資訊煙囪（Information silo）、穀倉效應（Silo Effect）及多層式的資訊架構、

The construction of a new airport and terminal, from assessment, planning, bidding, and construction to commissioning, takes at least ten years. The engineering process involves referencing international benchmark airport experiences and designing the appearance of future terminal buildings, passenger spaces, operational safety, baggage handling, and information and communication system utilization based on improvements to current operational requirements. This includes integrating recent smart airport concepts such as ACDM (Airport Collaborative Decision Making), AODB (Airport Operational Database), RMS (Resource Management System), ERS (Emergency Resource System), SMS (Safety Management System), and BIM (Building Information Modeling) to enhance airport processes and efficiency.
However, a challenge of Information island and silo effect in this process is that the development of airport information technology and the growth rate of passenger demands often outpace the planning and development of airport infrastructure. Consequently, after the completion of the information and communication systems for a new airport or terminal, the initially planned systems may become outdated and unable to fully meet the new requirements of airport passengers or accommodate the applications of smart devices. This challenge is also reflected in the integration bottleneck between new and old terminals and the slow pace of improvement in airport processes and systems compared to the expansion of airport business and passenger service applications.
Many commercial companies providing airport solutions offer various Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) software to enhance the efficiency of individual airport operations. However, due to the independent adoption of these solutions by different airport operational units at different times and for different purposes, it only enhances the intelligence of individual systems. This can result in inconsistencies in system objectives, technical standard omissions, difficulty in data exchange, varying risk assessments, and a lack of expansion flexibility and integration requirements for a comprehensive smart airport platform. Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) software often fails to effectively integrate the business needs of different units.
Although commercial companies providing airport solutions propose the concept of a smart airport with comprehensive solutions, relying on the integration of airport operational databases (AODB) and improving service processes, practical airport information development should start with collaborative planning and development procedures by relevant airport units. The goal is to provide a flexible and expandable platform considering user requirements, allowing smooth adoption of commercial off-the-shelf software or custom-developed software to meet the ongoing development needs of a smart airport.
This study, conducted at Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport (TTIA), directly interviewed personnel from various operational units and stakeholders to understand their information integration needs and future development expectations. Based on airport practical experiences and operational procedures, a multi-layered comprehensive airport information architecture (frame) is proposed, encompassing input, access methods, website entry, service utilization, integrated use, core databases, and hardware infrastructure.
The key advantage of this platform architecture is its vertical coordination and parallel expansion flexibility at each layer. It allows continuous growth in response to user convenience needs, system functionality requirements, database growth needs, and additional hardware network infrastructure requirements driven by technological advancements and the airport's growth, ultimately making the international airport terminal a truly competitive smart airport.

Keywords: ACDM, AODB, RMS, ERS, SMS, BIM, COTS, Information island、 silo effect and multi-layered information architecture.

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