本研究探討了虛擬實境 (Virtual Reality，VR) 影像彩度對視覺動暈症 (Visually induced motion sickness) 的影響。許多人使用虛擬實境時會出現不適的情況，其主要原因之一為視覺系統 (Visual system) 感知到畫面運動，而前庭系統 (Vestibular system) 卻沒接收到移動資訊，產生感知衝突。而色彩是視覺系統感知的一環，且是VR畫面中絕對必要的元素，因此本研究期望了解彩度與視覺動暈症的關聯性，並選擇了色外貌屬性中的彩度作為研究主題。
本研究進行了三個心理物理學實驗，人數分別為24位、19位、19位。每個實驗中，受測者皆觀看了兩部場景相同僅具有彩度差異的VR影片，並使用SSQ問卷 (Simulator Sickness Questionnaire) 評價影片造成的不適感。實驗一的兩部影片的設定彩度分別為20和100；實驗二為0和100；實驗三為0和100。實驗一至三的影片內容皆是以第一人稱視角遊玩雲霄飛車，實驗一與實驗二影片畫面相同，皆包含藍天及綠地等熟悉物體 (Familiar objects)。實驗三的影片畫面為方塊構成的封閉室內場景，影片內容不包含熟悉物體。
實驗結果發現不同場景對於彩度導致的動暈症程度具有性別差異。在含有熟悉物體的場景中，女性認為低彩度影片產生的不適感較高，若場景色彩不符合記憶色的認知，可能會提高女性動暈症程度，男性則不受記憶色影響，而女性對於記憶色的敏感性較高可能與男女在辨色能力的差異有關。此外，辨色能力較佳的人似乎傾向於覺得無彩度影片較不適，辨色能力較差的人則認為高彩度影片帶來較高的不適感。上述性別差異亦有可能是影片畫面格式所導致，具有3D視差效果的影片，女性傾向認為低彩度帶來的不適感較高。對於男性，影片是否具有3D視差效果似乎都不會影響到視覺動暈症程度。

This study explores effects of image chroma of virtual reality (VR) on visually induced motion sickness (VIMS). Many people experience VIMS when using virtual reality. One of the main reasons is that the visual system perceives the movement of the screen, but the vestibular system does not receive the movement information, resulting in perceptual conflicts. Color is a part of visual system perception and an essential element in VR images. Chroma is key to color perception. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the relationship between the chroma of VR images and VIMS.
Three psychophysical experiments were conducted in this study, with 24, 19, and 19 color-normal observers for Experiments 1, 2 and 3, respectively. In each experiment, the observers watched two VR videos with the same scene but different levels of image chroma. The Simulator Sickness Questionnaire was used to evaluate the discomfort caused by the videos. The target levels of chroma of the two videos were 20 and 100 in Experiment 1, 0 and 100 in Experiment 2, and 0 and 100 in Experiment 3. The VR videos for the three experiments were roller coasters with the first-person view. Experiments 1 and 2 used the same original video, consisting of familiar objects such as blue sky and green grass. The video for Experiment 3 was an indoor scene which did not contain familiar objects.
According to the experimental results, the strength of VIMS tended to differ between scenes and between genders. When watching the video with familiar objects, female observers tended to feel uncomfortable for low-chroma VR scenes, but this tendency did not occur for males. For scenes without any familiar objects, VIMS for both gender groups didn’t seem to be affected by the level of image chroma. This chroma-dependent VIMS may be induced by the memory colors in VR images and the color discrimination ability of individual observers. That female observers were more prone to VIMS based on memory colours may be due to better color discrimination for females than for males. The gender differences described above may also be caused by the format of the VR video. For 3D VR videos, female observers tended to feel uncomfortable for low-chroma scenes. For male observers, whether the videos were 3D or not did not seem to affect the VIMS.

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