本論文係以掺合、或以60Co γ-ray照射技術、或臭氧改質聚酯材料，來增加其抗菌活性和生物相容性。本論文所使用的聚酯包括poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), poly(sodium polyethylene 5-sulfoisophthalate) (PSES), poly(2-methyl-1,3-propylene terephthalate-co-ethylene terephthalate) (PMPT), poly(1,4-cyclohexylene terephthalate-co-ethylene terephthalate) (PCHT) 四種聚酯，以及poly (3-hydroxybutyric acid) (PHB)及poly (3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydroxyvaleric acid) (PHBV)。
對於PET、PMPT、PCHT纖維，先以60Co γ-ray照射處理來進行表面改質。而PHB及PHBV薄膜，則以臭氧處理來進行表面改質。改質後之樣本再接枝以幾丁聚醣(chitosan, CS)或幾丁寡醣(chitooligosaccharides, COS)，並將硫酸軟骨素(chondritin-6-sulfate, ChS)或透明質酸(hyaluronic acid, HA)固定在聚酯材料表面。然後探討經改質後材料表面正電荷的多寡對表面帶負電荷的蛋白質human serum albumin (HSA)或human plasma fibrinogen (HPF)的吸附，或對革蘭氏陽性菌Staphylococcus aureus strain-1 (S. aureus-1), Staphylococcus aureus strain-2 (S. aureus-2)，革蘭氏陰菌性Escherichia coli O157:H7 (E. coli O157:H7)，Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa)，以及L929纖維母細胞的吸附或增生的影響。經改質後表面帶正電荷的聚酯修飾物與帶負電荷的細胞、細菌或蛋白質之間作用力為靜電吸引力，其吸附量均隨著正電荷密度的增加而增加，而吸附於材料表面後的細胞增生則隨著靜電吸引力增加而減少，細菌抑制則隨之增加。另一方面，在帶負電荷的聚酯修飾物表面上之細胞與細菌吸附量比未改質聚酯之中性表面上多，且增生量亦較中性表面為多。
高分子材料與水間之界面自由能SL隨著PET/PSES摻合薄膜的混摻比例 (薄膜表面上磺酸離子的含量)增加而減少，黏著自由能的負值(-Fadh)隨SL增加而增加，細菌黏著數目亦隨之增加。-Fadh隨著材料在空氣中的表面自由能之極性分量pSv增加(負電荷的磺酸基增加)而減少且有線性關係，即表面帶負電荷愈多的材料和表面帶負電荷的細菌之間有拒斥作用使吸引力降低而降低-Fadh，使細菌不容易吸附於材料表面。
為了探討細菌增生或抑制之動力學，本論文提出類似Michaelis-Menten(或Monod)之雙參數模式，經回歸得Vmax或V'max (最大的細菌增生或抑制速率)和Km或K'm (增生或抑制平衡解離常數)兩動力學參數，發現細菌之增生階段中，可能因部份細菌會黏著於PHBV薄膜表面，而PHBV薄膜表面並無影響細菌增生及代謝活性之因子，故PHBV的Vmax與Km值接近對照值。而在抑制過程中，最大的細菌抑制速率V'max隨胺基而增加，而降低細菌代謝活性並導致細菌死亡現象。
為了進一步探討細菌增生或抑制，本論文亦提出三參數模式，假設細菌中的反應物質S和增生細菌反應的酵素E或抑制細菌反應的酵素E'結合成ES、E'S中間複合物，由於ES2與E'S2之平衡常數K2、K'2之回歸值非常小，表示ES、E'S中間複合物再和另一細菌反應物質S結合成ES2、E'S2可能性較小，因此由雙參數模型或三參數來描述細菌之增生及抑制動力學，其差異不大。
本論文顯示材料表面電荷特性(電性與數目)與特定極性官能基的數目，影響材料與生物物質在界面上的作用能，是決定生物相容性與抗菌性的重要因素。

The main focus of this thesis is to modify the surface properties of polyesters by blending, γ-ray irradiating, or ozone treating, to improve the antibacterial activity and biocompatibility of polyesters. In this work, either polyester fibers or membranes were employed: poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and poly(sodium ethylene 5-sulfoisophthalte) (PSES) were blended in various ratios and made into membranes; three fibers, PET, poly(2-methyl-1,3-propylene terephthalate -co- ethylene terephthalate) (PMPT), and poly(1,4-cyclohexylene terephthalate -co- ethylene terephthalate) (PCHT) were irradiated with 60Co-γ-ray; poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid) (PHB) and poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid-co-3-hydroxyvaleric acid) (PHBV) membranes were treated with ozone.
Chitosan (CS) or chitooligosaccharides (COS) was grafted to the surfaces of irradiated or ozone-treated polyester and then grafted with hyaluronic acid (HA) or chondroitin-6-sulfate (ChS). The effect of the positive charges of CS- or COS-grafted materials on the adsorption of negatively charged proteins of human serum albumin (HSA) and human plasma fibrinogen (HPF), or the attachment and inhibition of Gram positive Staphylococus aureus strain-1 (S. aureus-1), Staphylococus aureus strain-2 (S. aureus-2), or Gram negative Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and the attachment and proliferation of L929 fibroblasts were studied. After grafting, the interaction between the membrane surface and the negatively charged bacteria, cells or proteins were electrostatic attraction. Thus amount of adsorption/attachment increased with the surface charge on the membranes. Moreover, the number of cells growth on surface decreased with the increase of the surface charge on the membrane and, however, bacterial inhibition on surface increased. On the other hand, on negatively charged polyester surfaces, the adsorption amount of bacteria or cells was higher than that on the neutral surface of unmodified polyester. The proliferation amount of bacteria or cells was also higher than on the neutral surface.
The interfacial free energy between the polymer surface and the liquid (SL) decreased with number of the sulfonic group, which is thus affected by the content of PSES. The negative free energy of adhesion (-Fadh) and hence the number of attached bacteria increased as the SL increased. Furthermore, -Fadh decreased linearly with pSV (the polar component of SV) (due to the increase of negatively charged sulfonic groups). In other words, negatively-charged bacteria attracted to surface decreased as the negative charge on the polymeric surface increased, and thus -Fadh was reduced that made bacteria difficult to be adsorbed on the surface.
To describe the maximum velocity of bacterial growth (or inhibition), Vmax(V'max) and the equilibrium dissociation of bacterial growth (or inhibition) Km (K'm)were regressed based on the Michaelis-Menten (or Monod) model. In the bacterial growth phase, the values of Vmax and Km of PHBV and the control (blank solution without polymer sample) were very close. This may be due to the adhesion of some bacteria to the surfaces of PHBV, which have no factors affecting the bacterial metabolism and growth. In the bacterial inhibition process, both V'max and K'm increased with the increase of the amine group on the surfaces. This is because amine group would bind to the surface of bacteria, interfere the bacterial metabolism and growth, and eventually would lead to the death of bacteria.
In the three-parameter kinetic model of bacterial growth or inhibition, S (reactant in bacteria) formed complex with E (enzyme for bacterial growth reaction) or E' (enzyme for bacterial inhibition reaction) to ES and E'S. After the formation of ES and E'S complex, the possibility of another substrate binding with to form ES2 orE'S2 was much lower. Accordingly, the K2 and K'2 (equilibrium constant of bacterial growth or inhibition) were small. Thus Michaelis-Menten (or Monod) model is sufficient to describe the kinetics of bacterial growth and inhibition in this work.
This study shows that the characteristics of surface charge (sign and density) and the number of specific polar functional groups can affect the interaction between the cells/proteins and the materials, and hence are the major factors controlling the biocompatibility and the antibacterial activity.

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