現今社會有許多文明病，其中糖尿病及類風濕性關節炎較為常見，而這兩種疾病的確認都需要至醫院進行繁瑣檢驗，所以開發快速且方便的簡易檢測法將有其優勢。本論文中，這兩種疾病的檢測晶片皆是延續先前實驗室所開發之製程，以古生嗜鹽菌中紫膜所含的細菌視紫質作為訊號轉換器，並且利用細菌視紫質的光電流響應和入射光強度成正相關的原理製作而成。糖尿病的檢測是利用可分別檢測非糖化血紅素 (HbA0) 與糖化血紅素 (HbA1c) 之Hb aptamer-PM及HbA1c aptamer-PM複合晶片對19個全血檢體 (分別來自14位糖尿病患者及5位正常人) 進行檢測，再與毛細管電泳檢測出之HbA1c %數值做比較，發現兩者間的Pearson相關係數為0.981，證明所開發晶片對實際檢體的檢測能力。對晶片的專一性及保存性進行測試，發現這兩種晶片間並無交叉檢測，且保存28天後仍保有至少94%檢測活性。此外，以可檢測自體免疫抗體的ITIH3542-556 Cit peptide-PM複合晶片進行類風濕性關節炎分析，對40個血清檢體 (分別來自20位類風濕性關節炎患者及20位正常人) 進行檢測，並接續與anti-IgA-AuNPs結合，發現與anti-IgA-AuNPs結合前後的數據與anti-CCP2標準檢測法之結果間的Pearson相關係數分別為-0.839與-0.836，證明ITIH3542-556 Cit peptide-PM複合晶片可以單一步驟直接檢測類風濕性關節炎。此外，此晶片經保存28天後，其檢測活性並無絲毫下降，說明其具有高穩定性，適合商業化應用。

Both diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis are common civilized diseases and their diagnoses generally rely on cumbersome hospital tests. Therefore, it will be beneficial to develop a convenient, fast, and simple detection method for each disease. This thesis continued using the detection chips of those two diseases previously developed in this laboratory, employing bacteriorhodopsin (BR) residing in Halobacterium salinarum purple membrane (PM) as the signal transducer as well as the positive correlation between the BR photocurrent and the illumination intensity. For diabetes detection, 19 whole blood samples collected from 14 diabetics and 5 healthy patients were each analyzed with hemoglobin (Hb) aptamer-PM and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) aptamer-PM chips, which specifically recognized non-glycated Hb (HbA0) and HbA1c, respectively. Compared with the HbA1c value analyzed using the capillary electrophoresis method, a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.981 was obtained, demonstrating the application potential of those two PM-based chips in clinical detection. No cross reactivity was observed between these two chips and both chips retained at least 94% of their detection activity after 28-day storage. For rheumatoid arthritis detection, an ITIH3542-556 Cit peptide-PM chip that recognized autoimmune antibodies was used to analyze 40 serum samples collected from 20 rheumatoid arthritis and 20 healthy patients. The serum-coated chips were further labeled with anti-IgA-AuNPs. The results showed that Pearson correlation coefficients of -0.839 and -0.836 were obtained before and after the anti-IgA-AuNPs coating step, respectively, in comparison with the results acquired using the standard anti-CCP2 detection method. Therefore, a single-step detection of rheumatoid arthritis can be achieved using the ITIH3542-556 Cit peptide-PM chip. Furthermore, the detection chip remained fully active after 28-day storage, revealing its high stability and suitability for commercial applications.
 

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