根據經濟部智慧財產局111年年報，向台灣申請發明專利最多的國家為日本。然而，台灣人向日本發明專利申請件數則低於中國和美國。Paci, Sassu, and Usai(1987)發現國內專利申請反映企業的創新能力，而向外國申請則反映企業輸出國內相對優勢的技術領域。然而，台灣與日本之間跨國專利申請是否符合Paci等人所述的輸出國內相對優勢的技術領域趨勢，則有待深入觀察。
本研究旨在探討台灣與日本之間跨國專利申請案，透過申請數、分類號、以及申請人的角度觀察發明專利與新型專利，並比較台灣與日本之間跨國專利申請案的趨勢。觀察台灣與日本之間跨國專利申請案集中技術領域，具有潛力的技術領域，或是企業是否向外輸出他們相對優勢的技術領域。
以下是本研究的觀察結果：
1. 台灣與日本之間跨國專利申請案皆呈現逐年起伏但平均上穩定的申請趨勢。
2. 台灣與日本之間跨國專利申請案，化學類是占比高且成長率最高。但在另一高占比的電機工程技術領域中，除半導體外，其餘技術領域都出現負成長。
3. 台灣到日本跨國專利申請案可能傾向向外輸出台灣國內相對優勢的技術領域。而日本到台灣跨國專利申請案比起向外輸出日本國內相對優勢的技術領域，似乎更偏向申請台灣國內相對優勢的技術領域。
4. 台灣智慧局和日本特許廳皆非兩國之間跨國專利申請人首選的專利機關。台灣和日本申請人傾向先在國內申請專利。然而，台灣到日本跨國專利申請案前十大申請人則優先至美國商標專利局。

According to the TIPO Annual Report 2022, Japan is the country that files the most invention patent applications in Taiwan. However, the number of patent applications filed by Taiwanese in Japan is lower than those in China and the United States. Paci, Sassu, and Usai (1987) found that domestic patent applications reflect a company's innovation capability, while foreign applications reflect the intent of companies to export comparative advantage technology. However, whether the cross-border patent applications between Taiwan and Japan align with those described by Paci et al. requires further observation.
This study aims to investigate cross-border patent applications between Taiwan and Japan, examining the trends from three perspectives: application numbers, classification codes, and applicants. This study observes popular and potentially promising technology fields in cross-border patent applications between Taiwan and Japan, as well as whether companies are exporting their areas of comparative advantage technology fields.
The following are the observed results of this study:
I. Cross-border patent applications between Taiwan and Japan have shown a stable trend in recent years.
II. Cross-border patent applications between Taiwan and Japan, whether in popular or potential technology fields, fall under the chemistry. However, in the field of electrical engineering, except for semiconductors, other fields have experienced negative growth.
III. Taiwan's transnational patent applications to Japan may tend to export Taiwan's domestic comparative advantage technology fields. In contrast, Japan's transnational patent applications to Taiwan may lean towards applying for Taiwan's domestic comparative advantage technology fields.
IV. The TIPO and the JPO are not the primary choices for cross-border patent applicants between the two countries. Applicants from Taiwan and Japan tend to initially apply for patents domestically. However, among the top ten cross-border patent applicants from Taiwan to Japan, priority is given to the USPTO.

中文部分
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