近年因各地全球暖化，導致各個國家與地區氣候出現異常，降雨的特性逐漸轉變，以至於常有暴雨與強降雨模式產生，使得各個地區開始出現淹水現象，再加上臺灣本身地形較特殊，多高山且坡度陡峻，導致大部分的水資源迅速流入海洋內。除此之外，加上現今都市化發展，不透水鋪面大量取代自然環境，導致降雨便常有逕流產生，使得都市屋頂缺乏保水機能。屋頂綠化能讓屋頂本身具有保水之機能，對於暴雨可以達到一定的緩衝作用，對都市洪水控制亦有相當助益，亦可達到改善房屋林立的都市綠地不足問題。在現今水資源有限狀態下，如何能讓薄層型綠屋頂本身達到穩定的水平衡為本研究的主要方向，透過不同種類的植栽蒸發散量實驗，得到假儉草、芳香萬壽菊、佛甲草與蔓花生實際一天所需水量，並且收集水文與氣象參數，套入過去研究植物蒸發散量經驗估算公式，進一步將蒸發散量估算公式進行修正。根據修正結果與水文數據設定單元薄層綠化面積，帶入本研究所建立之分區評估模式，進行供水量與需水量水平衡模擬計算，並探討分區計算結果與實際計算結果兩者差異。另外因降雨模式改變，本研究收集近三十年間總降雨量，分析其中降雨變化趨勢亦重新調整日均雨量。依據前述水平衡評估模式結果，制定相對設計參數雨水利用供水比，作為臺灣各地區水平衡之依據，亦可當作薄層綠化面積增加或縮減的倍數參考，提供未來施作薄層型綠屋頂規劃設計參考之基礎。

In recent years, global warming has led to abnormal climate and characteristic rainfall changed gradually. Heavy rains often occur and causing flood in many places. Coupled with Taiwan’s special landform with steep slope terrain, the majority of water resources flow into the ocean in quite short term. The current urbanization development replaces large numbers of natural environment with impermeable paving, resulting in rainfall will often be generated by runoff. It making urban roofs lack of the function for retaining water. Green roof can make the roof have the function of retaining water, which can buffer the rainstorm and water usage. It can also be helpful to control of urban flood and release the problem of insufficient urban green space. However, in the current state of limited water resources, how to make the extensive green roof reach a stable water balance is the main issue of this research. Through different kinds of plant evapotranspiration experiment was obtained the actual amount of water requirement by Centipede Grass, Mexican Bush Marigold, Linear Stonecrop, and Wild Peanut. The collection of hydrological and meteorological data set into the past experience of plant estimation evapotranspiration equation and it was further corrected. According to the correction results and hydrological data to set the unit of extensive green roof into the zoning evaluation model, the water supply and demand are calculated for water balance, and explore the difference between the zoning result and the actual result. In addition, due to rainfall changed gradually, the study collected total rainfall over the past thirty years and analyzed the trend of rainfall changed, and recalibrated the mean daily rainfall. Based on the results of evaluation model, constituting the rainwater utilization ratio provides a basis for water balance in various regions of Taiwan. It can also be used to multiple reference for the increase or decrease within an area of extensive green roof. The rainwater utilization ratio will provide a basis reference for design and practical implementation.

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