摘要
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)光固化3D列印為Vat Photopolymerization(VP)製程中，光源顯示模組技術發展最快的積層製造形式。其成形的精細度以及列印面積均緊跟隨著LCD顯示面板的進步而有顯著提升。但在高強度背光源的環境下，一般LCD很難做到良好的黑位遮光效果，導致3D列印時強光光源能量足以穿透關閉之液晶，使得黑位區域上方的樹脂因穿透之光能，產生不必要之樹脂光固化反應，該現象稱為黑位固化現象。為了降低此現象產生，本論文將以Local-dimming(區域控光)的概念設計光源模組降低LCD的黑位光能量以減緩此現象。
Local-dimming(區域控光)為本論文核心概念，取用當前LCD面板產業之大尺寸LCD、miniLED背光模組特點，以主動式調整背光發光區域，以降低黑位固化現象。
結合本實驗室工業化生產和光源設計開發之目標理念，設計出採用區域控光功能之50吋之LCD列印光源模組。並將此模組之背光光源進行135區的分區設計，透過區域控光來控制高光強465nm藍光波長背光面積。背光擴散方式採用先前實驗室開發之光學膜片式背光模組，來達到高均勻度之光強分布，確保整體列印面能量一致。目標實現高光強、高對比度、低黑位固化物產生之大型高速成型模組。
比起小面積低光強之LCD光固化3D列印機，黑位固化現象在大面積高光強的工業生產環境下產生之影響會更為十分明顯，透過機台開發以及設計實驗來證實Local-dimming(區域控光)有助於對於該黑位固化現象之改善。
本研究結果顯示出，區域控光處理後，整體黑位固化量大幅度下降，且列印後的樹脂黏度變動，與未列印過樹脂幾乎相同，能確保列印時的材料品質的一致性。
關鍵字：大面積3D列印、光固化、背光模組、LCD解析度、區域控光、黑位固化現象。

ABSTRACT
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) light-curing 3D printing is the Vat Photopolymerization (VP) process, the fastest growing form of laminate manufacturing in light source display module technology. Its forming fineness and printing area have been significantly improved following the advancement of LCD panels. However, in the environment of high-intensity backlight, it is generally difficult for LCD to achieve a good black-level shading effect, resulting in the energy of the strong light source is sufficient to penetrate the closed liquid crystal during 3D printing. The phenomenon of light energy, resulting in an unnecessary photo-curing reaction of resin, is called the black level curing phenomenon. In order to reduce the occurrence of this phenomenon, this thesis will design a light source module based on the concept of Local-dimming (regional light control) to reduce the black level light energy of the LCD to alleviate this phenomenon.
Local-dimming is the core concept of this thesis. It uses the characteristics of large-size LCD and miniLED backlight in the current LCD panel industry to actively adjust the backlight emitting area to reduce the black level curing phenomenon.
Combined with the objectives of the laboratory's industrial production and light source design and development, a 50-inch LCD printing light source module with a regional light control function was designed. The backlight source of this module is designed with 135 zones, and the backlight area of high light intensity 465nm blue light wavelength is controlled by regional light control. The backlight diffusion method adopts the optical film type backlight module developed in the previous laboratory to achieve high uniformity of light intensity distribution and ensure that the overall printing surface energy is consistent. The goal is to achieve large-scale high-speed molding modules with high light intensity, high contrast, and low black level cured products.
Compared with a small-area low-light-intensity LCD light-curing 3D printer, the effect of black-level curing in a large-area, high-level intensity, and industrial fabrication environment will be more obvious. Through machine development and design experiments, it is confirmed that local-dimming (or area dimming) contributes to the improvement of the black level curing phenomenon.
The results of this study show that after the area light control treatment, the overall black level curing amount is significantly reduced. Moreover, the viscosity deviation of the resin after the 3D printing process is tiny. It is almost the same as that of the unprinted resin, which can ensure the consistency of the material quality during the 3D printing process.
Keywords: large area 3D printing, light curing, backlight module, LCD resolution, regional light control, black level curing phenomenon.

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