本研究利用波特的五力分析分析光纖光柵(Fiber Bragg Grating: FBG)產業的競爭力，暨其應用於輸電鐵塔及塔基安全監測即時預報系統之研究。國內超高壓輸電鐵塔多座落於山區，部份鐵塔地點周遭地質疑有滑動現象，颱風豪雨期間因山坡滑動，致使座落該山坡地鐵塔構材易變形及倒塌。邊坡地層滑動導致鐵塔傾倒，可引發全台大停電，造成巨額的財物損失與社會成本的付出。現階段採行之監測方法，為定期派員巡視鐵塔量測塔基變形。此方法有許多缺點，包括：地層滑動經常是漸進累積，難以從定期巡視、目視發覺山坡滑動；耗費大量人力成本且經常在颱風豪雨期間無法即時掌控現場資訊；以及量測數據之解釋缺乏相關科學研究。光纖監測系統具有低耗電、體積小、耐久性高與不易受雷擊/電磁波干擾等優點，能夠充分滿足長期自動化監測與即時數據傳輸之需求。本研究利用FBG科技之優勢，嘗試於選定之鐵塔塔基安裝自動化安全監測系統，使用無線通信系統做訊號傳輸，達到即時掌控鐵塔初始傾斜或破壞之時機，設定數據分析方法，決定是否發佈警告訊號。使用FBG感測技術可做邊坡穩定與結構安全監測以及相關之即時分析/預警。除無線通訊以外，FBG感測系統也可以利用超高壓電纜內常有之光纖做長距離訊號傳輸，未來如有需要針對大量輸電鐵塔做監測時，FBG將更能彰顯其實用性與經濟性。

This study applies five forces analysis to the FBG industry. Most of the domestic super-high voltage power line towers are located in mountain areas. Some of them are surrounded by unstable geological formations. Excessive ground displacement during typhoon or heavy rainfall can cause the tower to deform or collapse. The slope failure induced tower collapse can result in country wide, major power outage with serious financial and social losses. The current safety monitoring scheme is to dispatch personnel to these towers on regular time intervals and observe the deformation of the steel tower and its base. The scheme has many disadvantages that include: ground movement is often accumulative and difficult to detect imminent landslide from visual observation, high labor costs and often not possible to obtain real-time field information during typhoon or heavy rainfall when the information is needed the most, and the lack of data interpretation procedure with sound scientific basis. The objective of this research is to take advantage of the modern technologies, install automated instrumentation at selected tower locations with wireless data transmission, so that the safety conditions of the tower foundation/structure can be ascertained on a real-time basis, and to establish an analytical procedure to determine if a failure warning is to be issued. This research have been developing the use of optical fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensing techniques in slope and structural stability monitoring, analysis and decision procedures to issue a landslide warning, structural analysis and super-high voltage power transmission system installation and maintenance. Optical fiber sensing system has the advantages of low power consumption, being minute, durable and immune to lightning and electromagnetic interference, capable of meeting the requirements of this project for long term automated data logging and real-time transmission. In addition to wireless data transmission, the FBG sensing system can also use the optical fiber that often contained inside the super-high voltage power transmission lines for data transmission. The FBG system can be extremely practical and economical when large number oftransmission towers are involved in the monitoring scheme. This system allows ground displacement and pore water pressure profiles be monitored. Coupled with numerical analysis, the stability of the foundation slope can be determined using the concept of field effective stress path. This mechanics based warning system is superior to the empirical schemes that are traditionally based on ground displacement rate or rainfall.

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