基於全球永續趨勢與對寵物食品業的衝擊，特別是在COP28會議後，全球對減碳排放與永續發展的關注日益增加，寵物食品產業作為全球供應鏈中的一部分，其碳排放量與環境影響受到廣泛討論，而本研究旨在探討永續寵物食品對飼主購買意圖影響，透過計劃行為理論（Theory of Planned Behavior, TPB）進行分析。
研究方法包括文獻回顧、問卷設計、抽樣設計方式與統計分析方法;文獻回顧涵蓋全球永續趨勢、寵物食品業的發展，以及永續寵物食品的多種類型，如培養肉、昆蟲蛋白與動物副產品等，問卷設計基於TPB模型，包括動物福利、產品知識、永續考量等變數。
本研究結果顯示，「動物福利」對於永續寵物食品的態度具有顯著的正向影響，「產品知識」對永續寵物食品的態度、知覺行為控制有正向影響，「永續考量」對主觀規範有正向影響，而「態度」、「主觀規範」、「知覺行為控制」皆會正向且顯著地影響寵物飼主對永續寵物食品的購買意圖。具體而言，當寵物食品業者在生產和銷售過程中有實際永續環保行為、產品遵循動物福利規章、其加工生產過程符合人道標準以及提供動物友善的生長，亦或是寵物飼主擁有較多永續寵物食品的產品知識等這些都增加寵物飼主購買永續寵物食品的意圖。

Based on global sustainability trends and their impact on the pet food industry, particularly following the COP28 conference, the carbon emissions and environmental impact of the pet food industry have been widely discussed. This study explores the influence of sustainable pet food on pet owners' purchase intentions through the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB).
The research methods include a literature review, questionnaire design, sampling design methods, and statistical analysis methods. The literature review covers global sustainability trends, the development of the pet food industry, and various types of sustainable pet food such as cultured meat, insect protein, and animal by-products. The questionnaire design is based on the TPB model and includes variables such as sustainability considerations, product knowledge, and animal welfare.
The results of this study indicate that "animal welfare" has a significant positive impact on attitudes toward sustainable pet food. "Product knowledge" positively influences attitudes toward sustainable pet food and perceived behavioral control, while "sustainability considerations" positively affect subjective norms. Additionally, "attitude," "subjective norms," and "perceived behavioral control" all positively and significantly influence pet owners' purchase intentions regarding sustainable pet food. Specifically, when pet food companies engage in actual sustainable environmental practices, adhere to animal welfare regulations, ensure that their processing methods meet humane standards, and when pet owners have more product knowledge, these factors collectively increase the intention of pet owners to purchase sustainable pet food.

Ab Hamid, M. R., Sami, W., & Sidek, M. M. (2017). Discriminant validity assessment: Use of Fornell & Larcker criterion versus HTMT criterion. Paper presented at the Journal of physics: Conference series.
Ajzen, I. (1985). From intentions to actions: A theory of planned behavior. In J. K. J. Beckmann (Ed.), Action control (pp. 11-39): Springer.
Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational behavior and human decision processes, 50(2), 179-211.
Alba, J. W., & Hutchinson, J. W. (1987). Dimensions of consumer expertise. Journal of consumer research, 13(4), 411-454.
Alexander, P., Berri, A., Moran, D., Reay, D., & Rounsevell, M. D. . (2020). The global environmental paw print of pet food. . Global Environmental Change, 65, 102153.,
Anusha Siddiqui, S., Bahmid, N. A., Mahmud, C. M., Boukid, F., Lamri, M., & Gagaoua, M. (2023). Consumer acceptability of plant-, seaweed-, and insect-based foods as alternatives to meat: A critical compilation of a decade of research. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 63(23), 6630-6651.
Asioli, D., Aschemann-Witzel, J., Caputo, V., Vecchio, R., Annunziata, A., Næs, T., & Varela, P. (2017). Making sense of the “clean label” trends: A review of consumer food choice behavior and discussion of industry implications. Food research international, 99, 58-71.
Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation models. Journal of the academy of marketing science, 16(1), 74-94.
Banterle, A., Ricci, E. C., & Cavaliere, A. (2018). Environmental sustainability and the food system. Regulating and Managing Food Safety in the EU: A Legal-Economic Perspective, 57-88.
Bessa, L. W., Pieterse, E., Marais, J., & Hoffman, L. C. (2020). Why for feed and not for human consumption? The black soldier fly larvae. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 19(5), 2747-2763.
Bettman, J. R., & Park, C. W. (1980). Effects of prior knowledge and experience and phase of the choice process on consumer decision processes: A protocol analysis. Journal of consumer research, 7(3), 234-248.
Bettman, J. R., & Sujan, M. (1987). Effects of framing on evaluation of comparable and noncomparable alternatives by expert and novice consumers. Journal of Consumer Research, 14(2), 141-154.
Bosch, G., Vervoort, J., & Hendriks, W. (2016). In vitro digestibility and fermentability of selected insects for dog foods. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 221, 174-184.
Bredahl, L. (2001). Determinants of consumer attitudes and purchase intentions with regard to genetically modified food–results of a cross-national survey. Journal of consumer policy, 24(1), 23-61.
Brucks, M. (1985). The effects of product class knowledge on information search behavior. Journal of consumer research, 12(1), 1-16.
Challenge, W. N.-Z. (2021). The supply chain opportunity. Paper presented at the World Economic Forum: Geneva, Switzerland.11-12.
Chen, M.-F. (2007). Consumer attitudes and purchase intentions in relation to organic foods in Taiwan: Moderating effects of food-related personality traits. Food Quality and preference, 18(7), 1008-1021.
Chia, S. Y., Tanga, C. M., van Loon, J. J., & Dicke, M. (2019). Insects for sustainable animal feed: inclusive business models involving smallholder farmers. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 41, 23-30.
Chin, W. (1998). Issues and opinion on structural equation modeling management. Information Systems Quarterly, 22(1), 19-24.
Chin, W. W., & Newsted, P. R. (1999). Structural Equation Modeling Analysis with Small Samples Using Partial Least Squares. In R. Hoyle (Ed.), Statistical Strategies for Small Sample Research (pp. 307- 341). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
COP28官網. (2023). COP28宣言與承諾. Retrieved from https://www.cop28.com/
Dolan, T. (2024). COP28 and The First Global Stocktake: Personal Reflections on an Affirmational, Inspirational and Disappointing Experience and an Opportunity Missed. . UKCRIC press,
Engel, J. F., Blackwell, R. D., & Miniard, P. W. (1995). Consumer Behavior: Dryden Press.
Fantechi, T., Contini, C., Scozzafava, G., & Casini, L. (2022). Consumer preferences for wild game meat: evidence from a hybrid choice model on wild boar meat in Italy. Agricultural and Food Economics, 10(1), 23.
Federation, E. P. F. I. (2020). Annual Report. The Europeran Pet Food Industry. In: FEDIAF Bruxelles, Belgium.
Feigin, S. V., Wiebers, D. O., Lueddeke, G., Morand, S., Lee, K., Knight, A., . . . Marcum, J. (2023). Proposed solutions to anthropogenic climate change: A systematic literature review and a new way forward. Heliyon. ;10-11
Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, and behavior: An introduction to theory and research.
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of marketing research, 18(1), 39-50.
Fraser, D., Weary, D. M., Pajor, E. A., & Milligan, B. N. (1997). A scientific conception of animal welfare that reflects ethical concerns. Animal welfare, 6(3), 187-205.
Gil, J. M., Gracia, A., & Sanchez, M. (2000). Market segmentation and willingness to pay for organic products in Spain. The International Food and Agribusiness Management Review, 3(2), 207-226.
Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L., & Black, W. C. (1998). Multivariate data analysis (5th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Hansen, T., Jensen, J. M., & Solgaard, H. S. (2004). Predicting online grocery buying intention: a comparison of the theory of reasoned action and the theory of planned behavior. International Journal of Information Management, 24(6), 539-550.
Hocquette, A., Lambert, C., Sinquin, C., Peterolff, L., Wagner, Z., Bonny, S. P., . . . Hocquette, J.-F. (2015). Educated consumers don't believe artificial meat is the solution to the problems with the meat industry. Journal of integrative agriculture, 14(2), 273-284.
Hopkins, P. D., & Dacey, A. (2008). Vegetarian meat: Could technology save animals and satisfy meat eaters? Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics, 21, 579-596.
Intelligence, D. (2023). Global Pet Food Market - 2023-2030. Retrieved from DataM Intelligence:
Jennifer Schlesinger, A. D. (2017). What is really in the food your dog or cat is eating? Retrieved from https://www.cnbc.com/2017/05/06/what-is-really-in-the-food-your-dog-or-cat-is-eating.html
Jiang, T., He, X., Su, B., Havea, P. H., Wei, K., Kundzewicz, Z. W., & Liu, D. . (2024). COP 28: Challenge of coping with climate crisis. . The Innovation, 5(1). 1-2.
Jones, A. P., & James, L. R. (1979). Psychological climate: Dimensions and relationships of individual and aggregated work environment perceptions. Organizational behavior and human performance, 23(2), 201-250.
Kumar, P., Abubakar, A. A., Verma, A. K., Umaraw, P., Adewale Ahmed, M., Mehta, N., . . . Sazili, A. Q. (2023). New insights in improving sustainability in meat production: opportunities and challenges. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 63(33), 11830-11858.
Looy, H., Dunkel, F. V., & Wood, J. R. (2014). How then shall we eat? Insect-eating attitudes and sustainable foodways. Agriculture and human values, 31, 131-141.
Makkar, H. P., Tran, G., Heuzé, V., & Ankers, P. (2014). State-of-the-art on use of insects as animal feed. Animal feed science and technology, 197, 1-33.
McEachern, M. G., & Schröder, M. J. (2002). The role of livestock production ethics in consumer values towards meat. Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics, 15, 221-237.
Motoki, K., Park, J., Spence, C., & Velasco, C. (2022). Contextual acceptance of novel and unfamiliar foods: Insects, cultured meat, plant-based meat alternatives, and 3D printed foods. Food Quality and Preference, 96, 104368.
Nakagaki, B. J., & Defoliart, G. R. (1991). Comparison of diets for mass-rearing Acheta domesticus (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) as a novelty food, and comparison of food conversion efficiency with values reported for livestock. Journal of Economic Entomology, 84(3), 891-896.
Onwezen, M. C., Bouwman, E. P., Reinders, M. J., & Dagevos, H. (2021). A systematic review on consumer acceptance of alternative proteins: Pulses, algae, insects, plant-based meat alternatives, and cultured meat. Appetite, 159, 105058.
Pakseresht, A., Kaliji, S. A., & Canavari, M. (2022). Review of factors affecting consumer acceptance of cultured meat. Appetite, 170, 105829.
Park, C. W., & Lessig, V. P. (1981). Familiarity and its impact on consumer decision biases and heuristics. Journal of consumer research, 8(2), 223-230.
Patel, S., Suleria, H. A. R., & Rauf, A. (2019). Edible insects as innovative foods: Nutritional and functional assessments. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 86, 352-359.
Petty, R. E., & Cacioppo, J. T. (1981). Attitudes and Persuasion: Classic and Contemporary Approaches, Dubuque, IA: WC Brown Co. In: Press.
Poelman, A., Mojet, J., Lyon, D., & Sefa-Dedeh, S. (2008). The influence of information about organic production and fair trade on preferences for and perception of pineapple. Food Quality and Preference, 19(1), 114-121.
Prada, M., Saraiva, M., Garrido, M. V., Sério, A., Teixeira, A., Lopes, D., . . . Rodrigues, D. L. (2022). Perceived associations between excessive sugar intake and health conditions. Nutrients, 14(3), 640.
Ramos-Elorduy, J. (2008). Energy supplied by edible insects from Mexico and their nutritional and ecological importance. Ecology of food and nutrition, 47(3), 280-297.
Rao, A. R., & Monroe, K. B. (1988). The moderating effect of prior knowledge on cue utilization in product evaluations. Journal of consumer research, 15(2), 253-264.
Rumpold, B. A., & Schlüter, O. K. (2013). Nutritional composition and safety aspects of edible insects. Molecular nutrition & food research, 57(5), 802-823.
Siegrist, M., & Hartmann, C. (2020). Consumer acceptance of novel food technologies. Nature Food, 1(6), 343-350.
Steptoe, A., Pollard, T. M., & Wardle, J. (1995). Development of a measure of the motives underlying the selection of food: the food choice questionnaire. Appetite, 25(3), 267-284.
Stern, P. C. (2000). New environmental theories: toward a coherent theory of environmentally significant behavior. Journal of social issues, 56(3), 407-424.
Tarkiainen, A., & Sundqvist, S. (2005). Subjective norms, attitudes and intentions of Finnish consumers in buying organic food. British food journal, 107(11), 808-822.
Van Huis, A. (2013). Potential of insects as food and feed in assuring food security. Annual review of entomology, 58, 563-583.
Van Huis, A., & Oonincx, D. G. (2017). The environmental sustainability of insects as food and feed. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 37, 1-14.
Van Huis, A., Van Itterbeeck, J., Klunder, H., Mertens, E., Halloran, A., Muir, G., & Vantomme, P. (2013). Edible insects: future prospects for food and feed security: Food and agriculture organization of the United Nations.
Yahoo奇摩（國際通）. (2023). 歐盟首次批准 捷克企業推「人造肉寵物罐頭」 拚2024大規模生產上市. Retrieved from https://tw.news.yahoo.com/%E6%AD%90%E7%9B%9F%E9%A6%96%E6%AC%A1%E6%89%B9%E5%87%86-%E6%8D%B7%E5%85%8B%E4%BC%81%E6%A5%AD%E6%8E%A8-%E4%BA%BA%E9%80%A0%E8%82%89%E5%AF%B5%E7%89%A9%E7%BD%90%E9%A0%AD-%E6%8B%9A2024%E5%A4%A7%E8%A6%8F%E6%A8%A1%E7%94%9F%E7%94%A2%E4%B8%8A%E5%B8%82-083954540.html
关欣, 周景文, 堵国成, & 陈坚. (2021). 培育肉生产技术发展研究. 中国工程科学, 23(6).
行政院國家永續發展委員會. (2022). 臺灣2050淨零排放路徑. Retrieved from https://ncsd.ndc.gov.tw/Fore/nsdn/about0/2050Path
行政院農業委員會動植物防疫檢疫局. (2015). 赴歐盟食品暨獸醫辦公室及匈牙利考察報告.
吳宜靜、鄒敏惠、李蘇竣. (2023). 疫後全球碳排呈雙軌化 歐盟壓制反彈、世界碳排續飆升. Retrieved from https://e-info.org.tw/node/238132
李娉婷. (2022). 寵物食品需求漸增 危害環境 昆蟲製飼料成環保飼主新選擇. Retrieved from https://animal-friendly.co/pet/32356/
林東清, 孫培真, & 徐景智. (2000). 影響資訊系統使用者抗拒行為之原因: 以計劃行為理論為基礎之整合研究. 資訊管理研究, 2(2), 1-26.
林南宏, 王文正, 邱聖媛, & 鍾怡君. (2007). 產品知識及品牌形象對購買意願的影響-產品類別的干擾效果. 行銷評論, 4(4), 481-504.
施沛廷. (2004). 社群信任、社群認同與購買行為的關係之研討─以RV休旅車社群為例. 國立東華大學,
食力. (2022). 寵物也要吃得環保 實驗室培育肉正被研發當成寵物食品以解決真肉的碳排問題. Retrieved from https://www.foodnext.net/news/newsnation/paper/5616771261
莊淳伃. (2014). 以計劃行為理論探討消費者對有機食品之購買行為. (碩士). 國立雲林科技大學工業工程與管理系,
許仁弘, & 鄭向農. (2020). 食用昆蟲-全球糧食危機的另類解決方案. 經濟前瞻(189), 62-67.
許志宏. (2022). 寵物產業未來趨勢與發展-以T股份有限公司為例. (碩士). 國立政治大學經營管理碩士學程,
許稚佳. (2023). 剩食危機3／幫毛孩加菜！即期品變凍乾 小7剩食救浪浪. Retrieved from https://news.tvbs.com.tw/life/2231059
陳雅怡. (111). 商品之環保訊息與環保消費意識對消費者購買意願的影響. (碩士). 崑 山 科 技 大 學企 業 管 理 研 究 所,
陳筱華, & 黃建怡. (2011). 以計劃行為理論探討消費者購買有機食品之意圖.(碩士). 國立東華大學企業管理學系.
陳曉涵. (2018). 消費者對昆蟲食品的食物恐新症, 產品知識與購買意願之探討.(碩士). 中山醫學大約健康餐飲暨產業管理學系碩士班.
陸昱宇. (2021). 消費者對於動物福利雞蛋之購買行為分析.(碩士). 國立高雄科技大學運籌管理系,
黃品茲. (2011). 應用計畫行為理論探討彰化地區高職學生不道德學習行為意向之研究.(碩士).國立彰化師範大學商業教育學系.
黃建怡. (2011). 以計畫行為理論探討消費者購買有機食品之意圖. (碩士). 國立東華大學企業管理學系,
黃彥哲. (2023). 永續態度對有機雞蛋購買意願之影響. (碩士).國立臺灣大學生物產業傳播暨發展學系.
董敍博. (2024). 永續葡萄酒負責任消費行為之研究. (碩士).國立臺灣大學農業經濟學系,
劉怡. (2023). 寵物食品也吹永續風！如何用創新解決3項社會問題、創造5贏結果？. Retrieved from https://www.foodnext.net/column/columnist/paper/5111832914
賴玉涓. (2021). 臺灣寵物飼主行為分析與研究－以犬飼料購買行為為例. (碩士). 國立臺灣大學國際企業學研究所,
環境資訊中心. (2021). 全球食物浪費翻倍 聯合國報告：每年被丟棄糧食逼近10億噸. Retrieved from https://e-info.org.tw/node/229885
行政院農業委員會. (2019). 動物福利白皮書. 台北: 五南.