斜氣簾式排氣櫃(Inclined Air-curtain Fume Hood)是一種特殊設計的排氣櫃，在一些物理參數(即吸氣速度與吹氣速度)與幾何參數配合妥當時，可使排氣櫃內汙染物不易洩漏至櫃外。但在高溫作業時，汙染物的洩漏狀況則尚未有過探討。當排氣櫃內有熱源在操作時，若操作條件不變，高溫所引致之熱浮力效應，有可能造成汙染物從櫃門開口處外洩。為了瞭解高溫作業對斜氣簾式排氣櫃所產生的影響，本研究探討一部斜氣簾式排氣櫃進行高溫作業時之流場特徵與追蹤氣體洩漏濃度。使用雷射輔助流場可視化技術，觀察櫃內高溫作業產生之熱浮力效應所引致之流場型態，檢視渦流、氣流擾動等的存在區域與行為，並根據流場可視化實驗結果，尋找最適當的操作設計參數組合與策略。另使用歐洲標準追蹤氣體測試法EN14175-7:2012與美國標準追蹤氣體測試法ANSI/ASHRAE 110-1995，探討高溫作業時，在不同操作參數下之洩漏濃度。EN14175-7:2012包括內部量測面測試、外部量測面測試、強健度測試；ANSI/ASHRAE 110-1995則模擬人員站立於排氣櫃前方時的洩漏特性。EN14175-7:2012測試結果顯示，在進行高溫作業時，傾斜氣簾式排氣櫃之操作參數與策略會影響流場型態與洩漏量。無干擾氣流的測試結果，高溫操作的櫃門開口面速度大於等於0.19 m/s以上時，平均洩漏濃度均在0.003 ppm以下，幾乎是零洩漏。櫃門開關測試的結果，高溫操作的櫃門開口面速度等於0.19 m/s時，平均洩漏濃度為0.039 ppm；面速度大於等於0.32 m/s以上，平均洩漏濃度等於0.001 ppm，所以櫃門開關面速度只需大於等於0.19 m/s即可達到遠低於歐盟標準(0.65 ppm)的洩漏濃度(與常溫操作相同)。強健度測試的結果，高溫操作的櫃門開口面速度等於0.26 m/s時，平均洩漏濃度為0.753 ppm，超過歐盟標準(0.65 ppm)，但是常溫操作時平均洩漏濃度約為0.383 ppm，低於歐盟標準；面速度等於0.32 m/s時，平均洩漏濃度為0.106 ppm，遠低於歐盟標準；面速度大於等於0.45 m/s，平均洩漏濃度即低於0.005 ppm，近乎零洩漏。建議IAC排氣櫃的櫃門開口面速度設在大於等於0.32 m/s，即可兼顧各種操作與環境條件造成的影響。另外與九部傳統型排氣櫃的測試結果相比較，沒有干擾氣流時，IAC排氣櫃在高溫操作的條件下，只需要面速度大約0.19 m/s即可達到近乎零洩漏；表現最好的傳統型排氣櫃在常溫操作時，必須在面速度大於0.5 m/s以上才能達到近乎無洩漏。ANSI/ASHRAE 110-1995的測試結果顯示，IAC排氣櫃的櫃門開口面速度等於0.26 m/s、櫃門開度小於等於50 cm時，偵測到的洩漏濃度近乎於零。但是當櫃門開度大於等於55 cm時，面速度必須增加至0.45 m/s才能達到近乎無洩漏。所以為了達到近乎零洩漏的結果，IAC排氣櫃的櫃門開度設定在50 cm以下。因此，在高溫操作時，IAC排氣櫃的面速度大於等於0.32 m/s、櫃門開度小於50 cm，即可在靜態、動態與有操作員立於櫃前的條件下，達到近乎零洩漏的水準(與常溫操作相同)。

The inclined air-curtain (IAC) fume hood was successfully developed in previous research. By appropriately adjusting the physical parameters (e.g., suction velocity and blow velocity) and geometries, the IAC hood has been proved as an “almost zero-leakage” apparatus. However, previous research did not show the performance and optimized operation parameters when a high-heat load pollutant source was generated in the hood. The aim of the present work is focused on studying the effects of the high-heat plume on the flow field and the leakage of tracer gas from the sash opening. Laser-assisted smoke flow visualization technique was firstly employed to obtain the flow characteristics. The flow visualization results provided a clear picture for optimizing the operation parameters and strategy for high-heat-load operation. The standard tracer-gas concentration test methods (EN14175-7:2012 and ANSI/ASHRAE 110-1995) were used to examine the leakage levels of the IAC hood under the static, dynamic, and occupied conditions. The results showed that a negligibly small leakage level was obtained for the static, dynamic, and occupied conditions when the IAC hood was operated at the face velocity 0.32 m/s and sash height 50 cm. To obtain a high containment efficiency, the required face velocity (or suction flow rate) of the IAC hood is drastically smaller than that of a high performance conventional fume hood. The difference is about 60%.

[1] CDC/NIH, Centers for Disease control/National Institutes of Health, Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories, 4th edition, Washington, US Government Printing Office, 1999.
[2] Tseng, L. C., Huang, R. F., Chen, C. C., and Chang, C. P., “Correlation between airflow patterns and performance of a laboratory fume hood,” Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Vol. 3, No. 12, 2006, pp. 694-706.
[3] 李宗聯，餐廳廚房排油煙櫃的氣動力改良，國立台灣科技大學機械工程研究所碩士論文，台北，2014。
[4] 內政部，鉛中毒預防規則，台北，1974。
[5] 內政部，粉塵危害預防標準，台北，1981。
[6] 行政院勞工委員會，勞工安全衛生組織管理及自動檢查辦法，台北，1993。
[7] Numano, Y. (沼野雄志)，局排設計教室，第三版，中央勞動災害防止協會，東京，1996。
[8] ACGIH, American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienist, Industrial Ventilation, A Manual of Recommended Practice, 24th ed. Cincinnati, Ohio, 2001, pp. 108-109.
[9] McDermott, H. J., “Handbook of Ventilation for Contaminant Control,” 2nd ed., Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston, Massachusetts, 1985.
[10] 行政院勞工委員會，特定化學物質危害預防標準，台北，1991。
[11] Simons, C. G., “Specifying the correct biological safety cabinet,” ASHRAE Journal, Vol. 33, No. 8, 1991, pp. 31-34.
[12] Stuart, D. G., Greenier T. J., Rumery R. A., Eagleson, J. M., “Survey, use, and performance of biological safety cabinets,” American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Vol. 43, No. 4, 1982, pp. 265-270.
[13] Stimpfel, T. M. and Gershey, E. L., “Design modifications of a class II biological safety cabinet and user guidelines for enhancing safety,” American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Vol. 52, No. 1, 1991, pp. 1-5.
[14] ANSI/AIHA, “American National Standard-Laboratory Ventilation,” ANSI/AIHA Z9.5-2003, American Industrial Hygiene Association, 2003, pp. 58.
[15] British Standards Institution (BSI), BS EN 14175-3:2003: Fume Cupboards-Parts 3: Type Test Method, British Standards Institution, London, United Kingdom, 2003.
[16] British Standards Institution (BSI), BS EN14175-7:2012: Fume Cupboards-Parts 7: Fume cupboards for high heat and acidic load, British Standards Institution, London, United Kingdom, 2012.
[17] American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers, ANSI/ASHRAE 110-1995: Method of Testing Performance of Laboratory Fume Hoods, American Society of Heating Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers, Atlanta, GA, USA, 1995.
[18] British Standards Institution (BSI), BS 7258-4:1994: Method for Determination of The Containment Value of A Laboratory Fume Cupboard, British Standards Institution, London, United Kingdom, 1994.
[19] Flagan, R. C., Seinfeld, J. H., Fundamentals of Air Pollution Engineering, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1988, pp. 290-357.
[20] Huang, R. F., Lin, S. Y., Jan, S. Y., Hsieh, R. H., Chen, Y. K., Chen, C. W., Yeh, W. Y., Chang, C. P., Shih, T. S., and Chen C. C., “Aerodynamic characteristics and design guidelines of push-pull ventilation system,” Annals of Occupational Hygiene, Vol. 49, No.1, 2005, pp. 1-5.
[21] 勞委會勞工安全衛生研究所，吹吸式氣罩設計與操作指引研究，勞委會勞工安全衛生研究所研究報告，IOSH92-H102, 2003。
[22] 洪偉倫，斜氣簾式氣櫃的空氣動力效應與汙染物洩漏評估，國立台灣科技大學機械工程研究所碩士論文，台北，台灣，2014。
[23] 湯昆錡，斜氣簾式排氣櫃的邊界層分離控制與汙染物洩漏評估，國立台灣科技大學機械工程研究所碩士論文，台北，台灣，2014。
[24] Tseng, L. T., Huang, R. F., Chen, C. C., and Chang, C. P., “Effects of Sash Movement and Walk-bys on Aerodynamics and Contaminant Leakage of Laboratory Fume Cupboards,” Industrial Health, Vol. 45, No. 2, 2007, pp. 199-208.
[25] He, X. J., and Guffey, S. E., “Quantitative evaluation of the performance of an industrial benchtop enclosing hood,” Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, Vol. 10, No. 8, 2013, pp. 409-418.
[26] Tseng, L. C., Huang, R. F., Chen C. C., and Chang C. P., “Aerodynamics and performance verifications of test methods for laboratory fume cupboards,” Ann. Occup. Hyg., Vol. 51, No. 2, 2007, pp.173-187.
[27] Tseng, L. C., Huang, R. F., and Chen, C. H., “Significance of face velocity fluctuation in relation to laboratory fume hood performance,” Industrial Health, Vol. 48, No. 1, 2010, pp. 43-51.
[28] 辛佩怡，高溫作業對氣簾式氣櫃流場之影響與洩漏特性，國立台灣科技大學機械工程研究所碩士論文，台北，台灣，2010。