研究生: |
張智鴻 Chih-hung Chang |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
基於環帶光通量光學設計之優質照明研究 Research of High Quality Illumination using Zonal Flux Optical Design |
指導教授: |
蕭弘清
Horng-Ching Hsiao |
口試委員: |
宋平生
none 陳建富 none 魏慶德 none 黃忠偉 Jong-Woei Whang 胡能忠 Neng-Chung Hu 吳瑞南 Ruay-Nan Wu |
學位類別: |
博士 Doctor |
系所名稱: |
電資學院 - 電機工程系 Department of Electrical Engineering |
論文出版年: | 2014 |
畢業學年度: | 102 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 125 |
中文關鍵詞: | 環帶光通量 、自由曲面 、疊代運算 、蒙地卡羅光跡追蹤 、蝙蝠翼型配光曲線 |
外文關鍵詞: | Zonal flux, Freeform surface, Iterative method, Monte-Carlo ray tracing, Batwing beam pattern |
相關次數: | 點閱:358 下載:4 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
本論文旨在研究應用照明環帶光通量之分析方法於二次光學元件設計,並以符合節能環保要求的LED光源為對象,根據LED光源與目標配光曲線之能量分布,建立其自由曲面運算模型及數學式,採用疊代運算法計算出各曲面之關鍵結構控制點,並運用具有蒙地卡羅光跡追蹤法之光學模擬軟體驗證元件效能,研究成果之典型設計流程可應用於各類照明光學設計需求,並作為往後設計開發LED光學元件之參考。
本研究主要針對LED全反射透鏡與應用於道路照明之透鏡進行分析與設計,其中全反射透鏡包含蝙蝠翼場型、橢圓場型與一種應用於C.O.B LED之新型結構窄角透鏡,所設計之透鏡均具備高效率與高均勻特性,並可精確控制光束角;道路照明應用則包含均勻照度與均勻輝度透鏡結構分析,正確地運用道路亮度反射係數,設計具有高性能之道路照明品質,給予駕駛人安全與舒適的用路環境。
為客觀探討各類燈具選用準則與照明品質關係,針對室內照明工程,研究中建立一套性能評估函數,採量化數據評比LED照明產品光學特性與傳統螢光燈管之性能差異,結果顯示LED燈具若能具備蝙蝠翼型配光曲線之光學設計,可於室內大面積照明場所提供較佳均勻度,並達到36.7 %節能成效,在500 lux的平均照度及照度均勻比79 %的要求下,用電密度僅4.05 W/m2,遠比市售LED照明燈具優異。
The dissertation studied on secondary optical design for optical applications, the LED lighting fixtures were chosen during the research, based on lighting zonal flux analysis method. The mathematical model of the freeform surface were formulated according to luminous distributions of LED source and interested target beam pattern, then the control points on the freeform surface can be calculated by iterative method, hereafter using optical simulation software with Monte-Carlo ray tracing technique to verify the luminous performances. The design procedure proposed is suited for all lighting applications, especially applicable to design of the LED optical component.
This research is aimed at the analysis and design for LED TIR lens and street lighting. The TIR lens designed for batwing beam pattern, oval beam pattern and special narrow angle pattern for a novel LED light module, chip-on-board (COB) provide high efficiency, high uniformity and accurate beam angle luminous distributions. The lenses for street lighting are developed for different considerations, uniform illuminance and uniform luminance respectively, by combing with roadway brightness coefficient to achieve higher lighting quality satisfying safe and comfortable driving need for all drivers.
Due to objectively choose lighting fixtures and evaluate lighting quality quantitatively, we propose a systematic method to compare the performances between LED fixtures and traditional fluorescent fixtures for indoor lighting. The result shows that the newer designed and advanced LED fixture with batwing beam pattern is more suitable for large lighting area to achieve better uniformity and 36.7 % energy saving. The lighting power density (LPD), for 500 lux illuminance and 79 % in uniformity, is 4.05 W/m2 only, excellent over than all commercial LED lighting fixtures.
[1] M. Alan, “Solid state lighting—a world of expanding opportunities at LED 2002,” III-Vs Rev. 16(1), 30–33 (2003).
[2] J. Brodrick, “Next-generation lighting initiative at the U.S. department of energy catalyzing science into the marketplace,” IEEE Journal of Display Technology, vol. 3, no 2, June 2007.
[3] M. Liu, B. Rong and Huub W. M. Salemink, “Evaluation of LED application in general lighting,” Optical Engineering 46(7), 074002 (2007).
[4] U. S. Department of Energy, “Illuminating the challenges solidstate lighting program planning workshop report” (2003).
[5] C. C. Sun*, W. T. Chien, I. Moreno, C. C. Hsieh, and Y. C. Lo, “Analysis of the far-field region of LEDs,” Opt. Express 17, 13918-13927 (2009).
[6] H. Yang, J. W. M. Bergmans, T. C. W. Schenk, J. P. M. G. Linnartz, and R. Rietman, “Uniform Illumination Rendering Using an Array of LEDs: A Signal Processing Perspective,” IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 57, 1044-1057 (2009).
[7] I. Moreno, M. Avendaño-Alejo, and R. I. Tzonchev, “Designing light-emitting diode arrays for uniform near field irradiance,” Appl. Opt. 45, 2265-2272 (2006).
[8]羅翊戩,「高功率 LED 照明之二次光學設計效率的研究」,博士論文,國立中央大學,桃園 (2011)。
[9] 黃立霖,「LED 照明之透鏡設計」,碩士論文,國立彰化市範大學,彰化 (2010)。
[10]劉凱翔,「具均勻照明之LED準直透鏡」,碩士論文,國立彰化市範大學,彰化 (2010)。
[11]Parkyn, William A, Pelka, David G, "New TIR lens applications for light-emitting diodes, " Proc. SPIE,3139, 135-140 (1997).
[12]William A. Parkyn, and David G. Pelka, “New TIR lens applications for light-emitting diodes,” Proc. SPIE on Nonimaging Optics, vol. 3139, pp. 135-140, (1997).
[13] J. Bortz, N. Shatz, and D. Pitou, "Optimal design of a nonimaging projection lens for use with an LED source and a rectangular target" , Proc. SPIE 4092, 130-138 (2000).
[14]John Bortz, Narkis Shatz, and Matthijs Keuper, “Optimal design of a non-imaging TIR doublet lens for an illumination system using an LED source” Proc. SPIE on Non-imaging Optics and Efficient Illumination Systems, vol. 5529, pp. 8-16, (2004).
[15]André Domhardt, Simon Weingaertner, Udo Rohlfing, and Uli Lemmer, “TIR Optics for Non-Rotationally Symmetric Illumination Design” Proc. SPIE on Illumination Optics, vol. 7103, pp. 710304-1-11, (2008).
[16]林郁霖,「應用環帶光通量分析LED類螺旋燈具之設計」,碩士論文,國立高雄應用科技大學,高雄 (2013)。
[17]Lin Wang, K.Q., and Yi Luo, “Discontinuous Freeform lens design for prescribed irradiance”. 2007 Optical Society of America, (2007).
[18]Yu Guiying, Ding Shushu, Jin Ji, and Guo Tiantai, “A Free-form Total Internal Reflection (TIR) Lens for Illumination,” Seventh International Symposium on Precision Engineering Measurements and Instrumentation, vol. 8321, pp. 832110-1-9, (2011).
[19]Yi Ding, Xu Liu, Zhen-rong Zheng, and Pei-fu Gu, “Secondary optical design for LED illumination using freeform lens,” Proc. SPIE on Illumination Optics, vol. 7103, pp. 71030k-1-8, (2008).
[20]D. Vazquez-Molini, M. Gonzalez-Montez, A. Alvarez, and E. Bernabeu, “High-efficiency light-emitting diode collimator,” Opt. Eng. 49, 123001 (2010).
[21]Jin-Jia Chen, T. – Y. w., Kuang-Lung Huang, Te-Shu Liu, Mig-Da Tasi, and Chin-Tang Lin, Freeform lens design for LED collimating illumination 2012 Optical Society of Anerica, (2012).
[22] Jin-Jia Chen, and Chin-Tang Lin, “Freeform surface design for a light-emitting diode–based collimating lens,” Proc. SPIE on Optical Engineering, vol. 49, no. 9, pp. 093001-1-8, (2010).
[23]Yi Ding, X.L., Zhen-rong Zheng, and Pei-fu Gu, “Freeform LED lens for uniform illumination,” 2007 Optical Society of America, vol. 16, No. 17, (2008).
[24]Yi Luo, Z.F., Yangjun Han, Hongtao Li, “Design of compact and smooth free-form optical system with uniform illuminance for LED source,” 2010 Optical Society of America, (2010).
[25]Yankun Zhen, Zhenan Jia, and Wenzi Zhang, “The Optimal Design of TIR Lens for Improving LED Illumination Uniformity and Efficiency” Proc. SPIE on Optical Design and Testing III, vol. 6834, pp. 6834k-1-8, (2007).
[26]S. Kudaev and P. Schreiber, “Optimization of symmetrical free-shape non-imaging concentrators for LED light source applications, ” Proc.SPIE 5942, pp.594209-1-10, (2005).
[27]Run Hu, Xiaobing Luo, Huai Zheng, Zong Qin, Zhiqiang Gan, Bulong Wu, and Sheng Liu, “Design of a novel freeform lens for LED uniform illumination and conformal phosphor coating,” OPTICS EXPRESS, vol. 20, no. 13, pp. 13727-13737, (2012).
[28]Jinbo Jiang, Sandy To, W.B. Lee, and Benny Cheung “Optical design of a freeform TIR lens for LED streetlight,” OPTIK on Light and Electron Optics, vol. 121, no. 19, pp. 1761-1765, (2010).
[29]K. Wang, X. Luo, Z. Liu, B. Zhou, Z. Gan, and S. Liu, “Optical analysis of an 80-W light-emitting-diode street lamp,” Optical Engineering, vol. 47, Issue 1, 013002, (2008).
[30]Mikhail A, Moiseev, L.L.D., and Nikolay L. Kazanskiy, “Design of hight-efficient freeform LED lens for illumination of elongated rectangular regions,” 2011 Optical Society of America, (2011).
[31]康譽齡,「LED路燈之光學系統設計」,碩士論文,國立台灣大學,
台北 (2011)。
[32]Kai Wang, Fei Chen, Zongyuan Liu, Xiaobing Luo, and Sheng Liu, “Design of compact freeform lens for application specific light-emitting diode packaging,” OPTICS EXPRESS, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 413-425, (2010).
[33]Shuiming Li, Kai Wang, Fei Chen, and Sheng Liu, “New freeform lenses for white LEDs with high color spatial uniformity,” OPTICS EXPRESS, vol. 20, no. 22, pp. 24418-24428, (2012).
[34]Jensen, H. W., “Monte Carlo Ray Tracing,”Siggraph Course 44, University of California, USA. (2003).
[35]蔡柏年,「高功率LED透鏡之優化設計」,碩士論文,國立勤益科技大學,台中 (2010)。
[36]陳建宏譯,數值分析,曉園出版社有限公司,台北,第437~459頁(1990)。
[37]管金談、吳邦彥、江大成編譯,應用數值分析-使用MATLAB,全華圖書股份有限公司,台北,第1-24~1-29頁 (2009)。
[38] Horng-Ching Hsiao, Chih-Hung Chang, Chun-Yu Hsiao, Kuan-hsien Liu, “A Novel Systematic Lighting Quality Evaluation Approach for Indoors Lighting Engineering Based on LED Luminaries,” China Illuminating Engineering Journal, vol.6, no.1, pp.100-105, (2011).
[39] 蕭弘清、張智鴻、陳鍇崴,「LED燈具於大面積室內照明之性能評估」,工程學刊,中國工程師學會,第85卷第2期,第43~54頁,台北 (2012)。
[40] 林藎良、汪孝慈,「照明品質與昡光評估模式」,照明學刊,台灣照明學會,18期第2卷,第26~38頁,台北 (2001)。
[41] Michael John Perry, “Discomfort Glare, Light Scatter, and Scene Structure”, Building Research Establishment, pp.48~91, (1995).
[42] 林時沂,「LED TIR Lens應用於室內照明之設計研究」,碩士論文,國立台灣科技大學,台北 (2010)。
[43] 張智鴻,「人工智慧應用於室內照明最佳化設計之研究」,碩士論文,國立台灣科技大學,台北 (2006)。
[44] 照明學會,照明手冊(二版),全華科技圖書股份有限公司,台北,(2006)。
[45] 江坤擇,「室內照明最佳化燈具配光設計數值求解與應用效益評估」,碩士論文,國立台灣科技大學,台北 (2013)。
[46]CREE, Jun.2014, http://www.cree.com/LED-Components-and-Modules
/Products/XLamp/Discrete-Directional/XLamp-XPG.
[47]LEDLink, Jun.2014, http://www.ledlink-optics.com/ProductsHomeLED
CITIZEN ELECTRONICS CO, Feb.2014, http://ce.citizen.co.jp/
lighting_led/en/products/index.html.
[49]The International Commission on Illumination, “CIE 140 – 2000 Road Lighting Calculations Technical Report”,(2000)
[50]PHILIPS, Feb.2014 ,http://www.philipslumileds.com/products/luxeon
-rebel/luxeon-rebel-es.
[51]中華民國國家標準,「CNS 9118 道路照明燈具」,(2000)。
[52]中華民國國家標準,「CNS 15233 發光二極體道路照明燈具」,(2012)。
[53]Lighting Handbook 8th, IESNA, New York, (2000).
[54]Zexin Feng, Yi Luo, and Yanjun Han, “Design of LED freeform optical system for road lighting with high luminance/illuminance ratio,” OPTICS EXPRESS, vol. 18, no. 21, pp. 22020-22031, (2010).
[55]The International Commission on Illumination, “Calcualation and Measurement of luminance and illuminance in Road Lighting,” CIE publicatiob 30.2, Vienna (1982).
[56]經濟部能源局,「全臺設置LED路燈技術規範」,(2012)。
[57]經濟部能源局,「室內照明燈具節能標章能源效率基準及標示」,能技字第10305002151號,(2014)。