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研究生: 張智鴻
Chih-hung Chang
論文名稱: 基於環帶光通量光學設計之優質照明研究
Research of High Quality Illumination using Zonal Flux Optical Design
指導教授: 蕭弘清
Horng-Ching Hsiao
口試委員: 宋平生
none
陳建富
none
魏慶德
none
黃忠偉
Jong-Woei Whang 
胡能忠
Neng-Chung Hu
吳瑞南
Ruay-Nan Wu
學位類別: 博士
Doctor
系所名稱: 電資學院 - 電機工程系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年: 2014
畢業學年度: 102
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 125
中文關鍵詞: 環帶光通量自由曲面疊代運算蒙地卡羅光跡追蹤蝙蝠翼型配光曲線
外文關鍵詞: Zonal flux, Freeform surface, Iterative method, Monte-Carlo ray tracing, Batwing beam pattern
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  • 本論文旨在研究應用照明環帶光通量之分析方法於二次光學元件設計,並以符合節能環保要求的LED光源為對象,根據LED光源與目標配光曲線之能量分布,建立其自由曲面運算模型及數學式,採用疊代運算法計算出各曲面之關鍵結構控制點,並運用具有蒙地卡羅光跡追蹤法之光學模擬軟體驗證元件效能,研究成果之典型設計流程可應用於各類照明光學設計需求,並作為往後設計開發LED光學元件之參考。
    本研究主要針對LED全反射透鏡與應用於道路照明之透鏡進行分析與設計,其中全反射透鏡包含蝙蝠翼場型、橢圓場型與一種應用於C.O.B LED之新型結構窄角透鏡,所設計之透鏡均具備高效率與高均勻特性,並可精確控制光束角;道路照明應用則包含均勻照度與均勻輝度透鏡結構分析,正確地運用道路亮度反射係數,設計具有高性能之道路照明品質,給予駕駛人安全與舒適的用路環境。
    為客觀探討各類燈具選用準則與照明品質關係,針對室內照明工程,研究中建立一套性能評估函數,採量化數據評比LED照明產品光學特性與傳統螢光燈管之性能差異,結果顯示LED燈具若能具備蝙蝠翼型配光曲線之光學設計,可於室內大面積照明場所提供較佳均勻度,並達到36.7 %節能成效,在500 lux的平均照度及照度均勻比79 %的要求下,用電密度僅4.05 W/m2,遠比市售LED照明燈具優異。


    The dissertation studied on secondary optical design for optical applications, the LED lighting fixtures were chosen during the research, based on lighting zonal flux analysis method. The mathematical model of the freeform surface were formulated according to luminous distributions of LED source and interested target beam pattern, then the control points on the freeform surface can be calculated by iterative method, hereafter using optical simulation software with Monte-Carlo ray tracing technique to verify the luminous performances. The design procedure proposed is suited for all lighting applications, especially applicable to design of the LED optical component.
    This research is aimed at the analysis and design for LED TIR lens and street lighting. The TIR lens designed for batwing beam pattern, oval beam pattern and special narrow angle pattern for a novel LED light module, chip-on-board (COB) provide high efficiency, high uniformity and accurate beam angle luminous distributions. The lenses for street lighting are developed for different considerations, uniform illuminance and uniform luminance respectively, by combing with roadway brightness coefficient to achieve higher lighting quality satisfying safe and comfortable driving need for all drivers.
    Due to objectively choose lighting fixtures and evaluate lighting quality quantitatively, we propose a systematic method to compare the performances between LED fixtures and traditional fluorescent fixtures for indoor lighting. The result shows that the newer designed and advanced LED fixture with batwing beam pattern is more suitable for large lighting area to achieve better uniformity and 36.7 % energy saving. The lighting power density (LPD), for 500 lux illuminance and 79 % in uniformity, is 4.05 W/m2 only, excellent over than all commercial LED lighting fixtures.

    中文摘要i 英文摘要ii 誌謝iii 目錄iv 圖表索引vii 第一章 緒論1 1.1 研究背景1 1.2 研究動機與目的2 1.3 文獻回顧3 1.4 研究流程與方法4 1.5 章節概述6 第二章 幾何光學原理與照明設計7 2.1 幾何光學概述8 2.1.1 反射定律 (Reflection)8 2.1.2 折射率 (Refractive index)9 2.1.3 折射定律 (Refraction)9 2.1.4 全反射 (Total internal reflection, TIR)10 2.2 照明燈具特性11 2.2.1 二次光學元件之選用11 2.2.2 燈具配光曲線13 2.2.3 燈具遮光角15 2.3 照明設計與規劃16 2.3.1 常態照明設計16 2.3.2 照明方式與平均照度法計算18 2.4 結語19 第三章 應用於二次光學設計與分析之理論概述20 3.1 環帶光通量解析20 3.2 自由曲面與疊代運算23 3.2.1 自由曲面23 3.2.2 自由曲面幾何分析25 3.2.3 疊代運算法28 3.3 蒙地卡羅光跡追蹤法31 3.4 結語33 第四章 基於環帶光通量設計全反射透鏡34 4.1 光學模擬軟體TracePro介紹35 4.2 等照度蝙蝠翼場型配光曲線36 4.3 建構全反射透鏡 (TIR lens)自由曲面運算式37 4.3.1 中央折射透鏡區38 4.3.2 全反射透鏡區39 4.4 均勻蝙蝠翼場型透鏡設計41 4.4.1 分析光源環帶光通量41 4.4.2 分析目標場型光通量分布44 4.4.3 建立自由曲面45 4.4.4 光學模擬分析46 4.5 橢圓場型透鏡設計50 4.5.1 分析光源環帶光通量50 4.5.2 分析目標場型光通量分布50 4.5.3 建立自由曲面52 4.5.4 光學模擬分析54 4.6 新型C.O.B LED窄角透鏡設計61 4.6.1 分析光源環帶光通量61 4.6.2 分析目標場型光通量分布62 4.6.3 建立自由曲面64 4.6.4 光學模擬分析66 4.7 結語71 第五章 應用於道路照明之等輝度光學透鏡72 5.1 照明模擬軟體DIALux介紹72 5.2 道路照明工程設計概述74 5.2.1 道路照明量測方式定義74 5.2.2 道路照明指標定義75 5.2.3 道路照明輝度計算76 5.3 建構道路照明透鏡自由曲面運算式78 5.3.1 入射透鏡區79 5.3.2 自由曲面折射透鏡區80 5.4 道路照明透鏡二次光學設計81 5.4.1 道路照明配光曲線說明82 5.4.2 均勻照度道路照明透鏡設計83 5.4.3 均勻輝度道路照明透鏡設計91 5.5 道路照明透鏡性能評估98 5.5.1 均勻照度透鏡性能評估99 5.5.2 均勻輝度透鏡性能評估101 5.6 結語103 第六章 室內照明效益評估104 6.1 室內照明之需求與評估方式104 6.1.1 室內照明燈具節能標章能效基準104 6.1.2 室內照明性能評價函式106 6.2 高性能LED燈具設計方案108 6.2.1 LED燈具設計思維108 6.2.2 綜合性能評比112 6.3 結語117 第七章 結論與未來研究方向118 7.1 結論118 7.2 未來研究方向119 參考文獻121

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