本篇論文利用0.18-umCMOS製程去製作一個適用於測距系統的UHF振幅位移鍵收發機。發送器部分我們使用注入鎖定技術與倍頻器去實現。利用石英振盪器來提供發送器所需要的注入鎖定訊號，並達成所需要的UHF頻段射頻訊號。此發送器架構優於傳統架構之處在於晶片不需要相位鎖定電路，因此能達到微小化與降低成本的目的。經由實測結果我們得知此發送器功耗約7 mW，輸出功率約-14 dBm。在注入鎖定的情控下相位雜訊從頻率偏移10 kHz~1 MHz間皆維持在-116 dBc/Hz。晶片有效面積包含PAD佔1.96 mm2。接收器部分我們使用共閘極低雜訊放大器、串聯增益放大器、解調變電路、比較器電路與緩衝器電路去完成一個簡易架構的低功耗振幅位移鍵接收器。這架構優點在於晶片所佔面積小，功率消耗也不大，不但有效降低了測距系統的成本同時也能延長電池使用壽命。經由實測結果我們可以得知此接收器消耗功率約4.1 mW，在訊號載波905 MHz頻率下接收靈敏度為-58 dBm，最大輸入功率約-30 dBm。晶片有效面積包含PAD佔0.71 mm2。
此外，在本論文的最後一部分會展示將Field-plate技術應用在環型振盪器上的成果。經由實驗結果我們得知Field-plate技術可以有效的抑制1/f雜訊 ，並於400-700 MHz CMOS壓控振盪器的相位雜訊可達成2~3 dB的改善。

In this thesis, an UHF ASK transceiver for the range finder system is demonstrated using 0.18-um CMOS technology. The injection locked technology and frequency multiplier circuits are employed to implement the transmitter. The required injection signal for transmitter to achieve UHF RF signals is provided by a crystal oscillator. As compared with traditional architectures, the advantage of the transmitter lies in that it requires no on-chip phase-locked loop, which eases a miniaturized and low cost design of the transmitter. The experimental results show that the output power of the circuit is -14 dBm at a power consumption of 7 mW. Under the injection-locked condition, the circuit presents a flat phase noise of -116 dBc/Hz over the offset frequency range from 10 kHz to 1 MHz. The die occupies 1.96 mm2 including pads.The ASK receiver consists of a common-gate low noise amplifier、a cascaded gain amplifier、a demodulator、a comparator and a data buffer. The tiny chip area and the low power consumption are the advantages of this architecture which not only reduces the cost of the range finder system, but also extends the battery life. The experimental results show that a sensitivity of -58 dBm and a maximum input power of -30 dBm are achieved at 905 MHz frequency band with a power consumption of 4.1 mW.The die occupies 0.71 mm2 including pads.
Furthermore, the application of the field-plate technology on the ring oscillator is demonstrated in the last part of this thesis. The experimental results show that the 1/f noise is effectively suppressed by the field-plate technology and an improvement of 2~3 dB in the phase noise can be achieved in a 400-700 MHz CMOS VCO.

第一章 :
[1.1] I. Kwon, Y. Eo, H. Bang, K. Choi, S. Jeon, S. Jung, D. Lee, and H. Lee, ”A Single-Chip CMOS Transceiver for UHF Mobile RFID Reader,” IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits,vol. 43, pp. 729-738, March 2008.
[1.2] K.-H. Park, T.-Y. Kang, Y.-H. Choi, B.-G. Choi, S.-B. Hyun, S.-S. Park, S.-H. Cho, and J.-H. Ko, ”900 MHz Passive RFID Reader Transceiver IC,” IEEE Microwave Conference, 36th European 10-15, pp. 1675-1678, Sept. 2006.
[1.3] S. Shim, J. Han, and S. Hong, ”A CMOS RF Polar Transmitter of a UHF Mobile RFID Reader for High Power Efficiency,” IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, Vol.18, pp. 635-637 , Sept. 2008.
[1.4] http://www.cc.ntu.edu.tw/chinese/epaper/0002/20070920_2005.htm.
[1.5] http://images.google.com.tw/images?gbv=2&hl=zh-TW&sa=1&q=reader
+%E5%9C%96%E7%89%87&aq=f&oq=.

第二章 :
[2.1] P.-B. Khannur, X. Chen, D.-L. Yan, D. Shen, B. Zhao, K. Raja, Y. Wu, A.-B. Ajjikuttira, W.-G. Yeoh, and R. Singh, “An 860 to 960MHz RFID Reader IC in CMOS,“ IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits,Vol. 43, pp. 1146-1155, May 2008.
[2.2] J. Han, Y. Kim, C. Park, D. Lee, and S. Hong, “A fully-integrated 900-MHz CMOS power amplifier for mobile RFID reader applications,“ IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits (RFIC) Symposium, June 2006
[2.3] S. Han, B. Chi, and Z. Wang, “A 8.0-mW 1-Mbps ASK transmitter for wireless capsule endoscope applications,” IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits (RFIC) Symposium, June 2006 .
[2.4] N. Boom, W. Rens, and J. Crols., “A 5.0mW 0dBm FSK transmitter for 315/433MHz ISM applications in 0.25um CMOS,” Proc. the 29th European Solid-State Circuits Conf. (ESSIRC’04), pp.199-202, Sep. 2004.
[2.5] B. Razavi, “A study of injection locking and pulling in oscillators,” IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, Vol. 39, pp. 1415-1424, Sept. 2004.
[2.6] C. Lam, and B. Razavi, ” A 2.6GH/.5.2GHz CMOS Voltage-Controlled Oscillator,” IEEE International Solid-state Circuits Conference, 1999.
[2.7] US Patent 6535037 - Injection locked frequency multiplier US Patent Issued on March 18, 2003

第三章 :
[3.1] K. Romer, F. Mattern, and E. Zurich, “The Design Space of Wireless Sensor Networks,” IEEE Wireless Communications, vol. 11, no 6, pp.54-61, Dec. 2004.
[3.2] H. Yu, and K. Najafi, “Low-Power Interface Circuits for Bio-Implantable Microsystems,” ISSCC Dig. of Tech.Papers, pp. 194-487, Feb. 2003.
[3.3] D.-H. Chae, K.-H. Han, K.-S. Lim, K.-H. Seo, K.-H. Won, W.-D. Cho, and S.-S. An, “Power Saving Mobility Protocol for Sensor Network,” IEEE Proc. Software Technologies for Future Embedded and Ubiquitous Systems, pp.122-126, May 2004.
[3.4] C.-H Chen, R.-Z. Hwang, L.-S. Huang, S.-M. .Lin, H.-C. Chen, Y.-C. Yang, Y.-T. Lin, S.-A. Yu, Y.-H. Wang, N.-K. Chou and S.-S. Lu, “A Wireless Bio-MEMS Sensor for C-Reactive Protein Detection Based on Nanomechanics” IEEE ISSCC Solid-State Circuits Conference, pp. 2298-2307 , Feb. 2006.
[3.5] Y.-T. Lin, T. Wang, S.-S. Lu, and G.-W. Huang, ” A 0.5 V 3.1 mW Fully Monolithic OOK Receiver for Wireless Local Area Sensor Network,” IEEE International Asian Solid-State Circuits Conference, pp. 373-376, Nov. 2005.
[3.6] J. Wang, C. Zhang, B. Chi, and Z. Wang, ”Analysis and design of a fully integrated SoC for UHF RFID reader in CMOS technology” IEEE ASIC. 8th international Conference on 20-23, pp.415-418, Oct. 2009.
[3.7] W.-I. Li, ”RF Front-end Circuits Suitable for Bio-medical Wireless Sensor Network,” Master thesis, Graduate Insitute of Electronics Engineering,National Taiwan University.

第四章 :
[4.1] Y.-K. Chu, and H.R. Chuang, “A fully integrated 5.8-GHz U-NII band 0.18-μm CMOS VCO,” IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon.Lett., vol. 13, no 7, pp. 111-113, Mar 2003.
[4.2] A. Ismail, and A.-A. Abidi, “CMOS differential LC oscillator with suppressed up-converted flicker noise,” IEEE ISSCC, pp.98-99, Feb 2003.
[4.3] A. Hajimiri, and T.-H. Lee, “Phase noise in CMOS differential LC oscillators,” IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuit, vol. 34 , no. 5, pp.717-724, May 1998.
[4.4] C.-C. Wei, H.-C. Chin, and W.-S. Feng, “A 12GHz Low-Phase-Noise Voltage-Controlled Oscillator Using Novel Field-Plate CMOS Transistors,” IEEE Transaction on Electron Devices, Vol. 54, Issue 10, pp. 2803-2807, Oct. 2007.
[4.5] C.-C. Wei, H.-C. Chin, and W.-S. Feng, “A 12-GHz Low Phase Noise VCO By Employing CMOS Field-Plate Transistors,” IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits (RFIC) Symposium, pp. 603-606, June 2007.
[4.6] C.-C. Wei, H.-C. Chin, and W.-S. Feng, “High Linearity performance of 0.13μm CMOS Devices using Field-Plate Technology,” IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits (RFIC) Symposium, pp. 477, June 2006
[4.7] A.-A.-A. Ghani, and A. Saparon, “A 1.4GHz CMOS Low- Phase Noise Voltage-Controlled Ring Oscillator” Student Conference on Research and Development, pp. 1-5, Dec. 2007.
[4.8] Y.-A. Eken, and J.-P. Uyemura, ”A 5.9GHz voltage-controlled ring oscillator in 0.18-/spl-mu/m CMOS” IEEE Journal of Solid-state Circuits, vol 39, pp. 230-233, Jan 2004.
[4.9] Y.-A. Eken, and J.-P. Uyemura, ”The design of a 14GHz I/Q ring oscillator in 0.18um CMOS” IEEE　ISCAS , vol 4, May 2004.
[4.10] D. Ham, and A. Hajimiri, ”Concepts and methods in optimization of integrated LC VCOs,” IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, Vol. 36, Issue 6,pp. 896-909, June 2001.