論 文 摘 要
為瞭解順打工法之深開挖行為，本研究於汐止區選擇一開挖13.9m，地層於開挖面以上為砂土夾薄層黏土，開挖面以下為卵礫石層及岩塊層為主 之順打工地，進行完整規劃之全區開挖觀測系統計畫。於基地開挖施工中，獲得實際可靠觀測資料，探討與案例比較開挖時擋土壁體變形之行為。在本研究中之最大壁體變位於地表下12.5m處，變位量為0.64cm。研判為本案開挖面下地層均為卵礫石層及岩塊層，地質狀況佳之因素，壁體最大變位量與開挖深度之比值約均在0.05%左右。本研究壁體最大變位量與地表最大沉陷量之比值約發生在0.75–1.0之間。鄰近建築物於施工期間傾斜情況，最大傾斜量發生在最終開挖面施工階段，往基地方向傾斜其最大傾斜量約為1/943。基地內開挖施工時隆起狀況，最大隆起量發生在最終開挖面施工階段，最大隆起量約為2.46cm。地下水位因施工期間及靜置時間水位變化，於擋土壁施工及開挖階段施工期間，水位觀測變化量約為2m，疑似施工抽水所致。本研究另進行案例之驗證比較，亦因本案開挖面下之地質狀況良好，故比較案例後，本研究數值均呈現較佳之情況。

To understand the deep excavation behavior of the bottom-up method, a 13.9 m deep excavation in Sijhih has been chosen for study. The soil layers at the construction site mainly consist of sandy soil with clay above the excavation surface and gravel, base rock in the below. A complete field monitoring system was installed in the excavation. The behavior of retaining wall deformation induced by excavation was derived based on the field monitoring data. In this study, the value of the maximum wall displacement is located in 12.5 m below the ground surface and the value is 0.64 cm. The ratio of the maximum wall displacement to the excavation depth is about 0.05%, which was contributed by the comparatively good geological condition with the pebbly gravel layer and rock block layer below the surface and the ratio of the maximum wall displacement to the maximum surface settlement approximately between 0.75 and 1.0. The value of the uplift maximum is around 2.46cm at the final stage. Also, the maximum inclination ratio of the adjacent buildings occurs at the final stage of the excavation surface which is about 1/943 toward the excavation. During the construction of the retaining wall and the excavation stage, the observation of the groundwater level change is about 2 m which is related to the construction dewatering. This study conducts case verification and comparison. The values of this study show a relatively small wall deformation and ground settlement were monitored, which was due to a better geological condition below the excavation surface.

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