本研究介紹了具場站間路徑之區位途程問題 (Location-Routing Problem with Inter-Depot Routes; LRPI)以及具場站間路徑之開放式區位途程問題 (Open Location-Routing Problem with Inter-Depot Routes; OLRPI)，LRPI是區位途程問題 (Location-Routing Problem; LRP) 的變形，也同時為具場站間路徑之多場站車輛途程問題(Multi-Depot Vehicle Routing Problem with Inter-Depot Routes; MDVRPI)的延伸。LRPI有別於LRP的地方在於車輛可以在其路徑上的其他場站補貨，並且只要不超過場站容量限制，車輛可以重複經過場站。在LRPI中，其路徑為一封閉迴路，車輛完成服務顧客後必須返回場站，而在OLRPI則是考慮現今第三方物流業的營運和專車接送等等，為一開放式路程，在服務完最後一位顧客後無需返回場站即算完成路程。此問題由第三方物流業者的角度思考，試圖找出一組最有效之路徑，在不違背各項路程限制的情況下最小化總成本，其中包括設施設置成本，車輛的固定成本和旅行成本。我們提出了一個以模擬退火 (Simulated Annealing; SA) 為基礎的啟發式演算法去求解LRPI和OLRPI，在實驗中互相比較了LRP、OLRP、LRPI和OLRPI四個問題的解，實驗結果顯示加上Inter-Depot Routes能為傳統物流節省成本。

This research introduces the location-routing problem with inter-depot routes (LRPI) and the open location-routing problem with inter-depot routes (OLRPI). LRPI is a variant problem of location-routing problem and it extends the multi-depot vehicle routing problem with inter-depot routes (MDVRPI). LRPI is different from LRP as vehicles may be replenished at intermediate depots along their route. The depot can be repeated passed through by vehicles as long as its capacity limit is not exceeded. The LRPI concerns a closed loop problem in which all the routes start and end at the depot. On the other hand, the OLRPI is an open loop problem in which each vehicle starts from a depot, but ends at a final served customer. The applications of OLPRI include shuttle bus routing and third party logistics. The problem finds a set of the most effective paths to minimize total costs, including depot opening costs, fixed costs, and travel costs, without violating various side constraints. We propose a Simulated Annealing (SA) based heuristic algorithm to solve LRPI and OLRPI. The experiments compare the solutions of LRP, OLRP, LRPI and OLRPI. Experimental results indicate that using Inter -Depot Routes reduces costs for traditional logistics.

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