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研究生: 簡志興
Chih-Hsing Chien
論文名稱: 應用田口品質工程於無鉛焊錫製程參數最佳化之研究
Applying Taguchi Quality Engineering on Parameter Optimizing of Lead-free Process
指導教授: 張聖麟
Sheng-Lin Chang
口試委員: 楊文鐸
Wen-Dwo Yang
周碩彥
Shuo-Yan Chou
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 管理學院 - 工業管理系
Department of Industrial Management
論文出版年: 2005
畢業學年度: 93
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 69
中文關鍵詞: 無鉛製程田口品質工程六標準差穩健設計
外文關鍵詞: Taguchi Quality Engineering, Robust Design, Six Sigma, Lead-Free Process
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在全球環保意識高漲及歐盟(European Union)針對RoHS(Restriction of Hazardous Substances)及WEEE(Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment)指令於2006年7月1日起正式生效,身為電子產品研發及生產中心的台灣及中國大陸,所必須面對的,是替代性材質規格的選擇及製程參數條件的重新設定,其中印刷電路板及板材上加工之電子零件,在現行焊接所用的「錫鉛」(Sn-Pb)成份材質,將因含「鉛」(Lead, Pb)重金屬而被迫禁用。

本文乃運用六標準差(Six Sigma)方法論IDDOV步驟,針對電子業無鉛合金焊材手工焊接製程,從問題的辨識、界定、發展、最適化分析及驗驗,並以田口品質工程(Taguchi Quality Engineering)的穩健設計(Robust Design)規劃實驗,透過直交表(Orthogonal Array)選用配置、變異數分析(ANOVA)、回應圖及回應表等解析,確立及驗證製程最佳焊錫加工條件、配置及影響的關鍵參數,以作為國內各電子產業導入之參考。


Run high in global environmental consciousness and the orders of Rohs and WEEE come into force formally, as the electronic research and development of products and production centre, Taiwan and China must face such as choice of the material specification of the substitutability and make the another settlement of a parameter condition. Printed circuit board and electronic part processed on the panel forced to forbid because of including the heavy metal(Lead, Pb).

The paper applies IDDOV steps of Six Sigma method for Lead-free Process in electronic industry, including identification, definition, development, optimization, verification of problems. Adopting Robust Design of Taguchi Quality Engineering, the paper defines and examines the critical parameters of manufacturing condition and allocation of Lead-free Process through the analytical tools including Orthogonal Array, ANOVA, Response Graphs, and Response Tables. It would be the reference materials for introducing Lead-free Process in the electronic industry.

摘 要........................................................................I ABSTRSCT.....................................................................II 誌 謝......................................................................III 目 錄.......................................................................IV 圖 目 錄.....................................................................VI 表 目 錄....................................................................VII 第一章 緒論..................................................................1 第一節 研究背景及動機.........................................................1 第二節 研究目的...............................................................3 第三節 研究限制...............................................................3 第四節 研究架構...............................................................3 第五節 研究流程...............................................................5 第二章 文獻探討...............................................................7 第一節 六標準差是一種方法論...................................................7 一、六標準差的發展效益........................................................7 二、六標準差的意義............................................................8 三、六標準差學者的定義........................................................9 四、六標準差的執行步驟.......................................................10 五、六標準差使用工具.........................................................13 第二節 田口品質工程是一種改善技術............................................14 一、品質活動的分類...........................................................14 二、田口品質損失函數.........................................................14 三、實驗計劃法與田口品質工程異同.............................................16 四、直交表的使用.............................................................19 五、田口品質工程的原理及執行步驟.............................................19 第三章 無鉛製程介紹..........................................................22 第一節 無鉛製程的發展趨勢....................................................22 一、鉛重金屬的危害...........................................................22 二、環保及無鉛法令的規範.....................................................22 第二節 電子產業無鉛製程材質的介紹............................................26 一、無鉛PCB基板材質的選擇....................................................26 二、焊接材料的選擇...........................................................27 三、焊接電子零件的選擇.......................................................31 第三節 電子產業無鉛設備的介紹................................................32 一、SMT設備..................................................................32 二、波焊設備.................................................................34 三、手工焊接及重工(Rework)設備.............................................34 四、檢測設備.................................................................34 第四節 無鉛焊接技術的製程特點................................................34 第五節 小結..................................................................35 第四章 個案研究..............................................................36 第一節 辨識(I).............................................................36 一、顧客及市場需求...........................................................36 二、主要企業的環保標準.......................................................36 三、無鉛製程的考量...........................................................37 第二節 界定(D).............................................................38 一、問題描述與目標界定.......................................................38 二、界定理想機能.............................................................39 第三節 發展(D).............................................................42 一、發展信號及雜音因數.......................................................42 二、選定控制因數及水準.......................................................43 三、控制因數水準與直交表配置.................................................45 四、準備及執行實驗-蒐集數據..................................................46 第四節 最適化(O)...........................................................47 一、焊點抗拉力強度實驗數據分析...............................................47 二、最適條件確認.............................................................48 第五節 驗證(V)............................................................51 一、實驗確認.................................................................51 二、變異數分析確認...........................................................51 三、標準化...................................................................52 第五章 結論..................................................................53 第一節 結論..................................................................53 第二節 未來發展與建議........................................................53 參考文獻.....................................................................55 附 錄.......................................................................59 附錄一 化學元素週期表........................................................59 附錄二 品質管制工程表........................................................60 附錄三 失效模式與效應分析表..................................................63

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