因台灣人口密度高，電力設施及變電所興建取地困難，使得輸變電的電力系統問題越趨複雜。為提升電力系統輸電品質，區域輸電網路之電壓須控制得宜，並減少輸電線路損失及設備之耗損。為此，本論文首先探討台電常用之電壓控制設備動作原理及數種國內外常見之最佳化控制策略，同時參考台電之運轉規範，再利用PSS/E及Matlab建立花東系統作為電壓及虛功率最佳化範例，並探討花東系統須改善之目標。本論文利用Matlab撰寫混合差分進化法(HDE)、線性遞減粒子群演算法(PSO-LDIW)、收縮粒子群演算法(CPSO)及非線性動態粒子群演算法(PSO-NIW)，針對花東系統進行電壓及虛功率最佳化控制，目標為改善花東系統電壓普遍偏高之問題，並同時使該區域線路損失最小化。研究結果顯示，PSO-NIW之求解結果具有最好的電壓改善及減少線路損失效果，且與實際設備之離散式調整結果相當，適合應用於本論文所設定之目標函數，可提供其結果予調度人員做為參考。

Since the high population density in Taiwan makes installation of power facilities and substation more difficult, the problems of a power system become more complicated. In order to improve the quality of a power transmission system, the voltage of a regional power transmission network must be regulated appropriately to reduce damages of facilities and transmission loss. To this purpose, the first study investigates the operation rules of commonly used voltage control devices in Taipower, several references about the optimal algorithms, and the specifications of operation requirement of Taipower. Then, the PSS/E and Matlab are used to analyze the power system characteristics in Hualien-Taitung Region. This thesis applies and compares the Hybrid Differential Evolution (HDE), Particle Swarm Optimization with Linear Decreasing Inertia Weight (PSO-LDIW), Constriction Particle Swarm Optimization (CPSO), and Particle Swarm Optimization with Nonlinear Inertia Weight with Dynamical Adaption (PSO-NIW) to optimal dispatch and control of the voltage and reactive power problems. The purpose is to reduce the magnitude of over voltage bus and transmission line loss in the Hualien-Taitung Region. The results show that PSO-NIW has the best effects. The solution is close to the practical discrete dispatch, so that the PSO-NIW is suitable for the optimal problems in the thesis. The result can be as a reference for the system dispatcher.

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