過去幾年以來，響應綠色能源的熱潮，生質能源一直以來是環境工程上相當熱門的話題，將酒精及生物能源等替代燃料是替代能源中極具前瞻性及發展性的策略之一，將含有木質纖維素的農業廢棄物、木本植物、草本植物以及生質垃圾等，藉由醣化技術轉化可發酵的醣類，這過程結合三種纖維水解酵素，分別為內切葡聚醣酶(endoglucanse)、纖維二醣水解酶(cellobiohydrolase)及β-葡醣苷酶(β-glucosidase)去協同轉化成葡萄糖，接著讓釀酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)在無氧條件下進行發酵反應，將葡萄糖轉變為酒精為目前最普遍的方法。
迷你纖維素體(minicellulosome)系利用支架蛋白將纖維水解酵素固定於細胞表面以提升水解與發酵之速率。本研究以M13噬菌體作為奈米級的纖維素體，M13噬菌體約2700個外殼蛋白pVIII當作支架蛋白結合纖維水解酵素，噬菌體纖維素體固定於釀酒酵母表面時，葡萄糖產生的瞬間可被葡萄糖運轉子傳入酵母菌內，依據勒沙特列原理可提高水解速率。單酵素水解動力學的總催化能力皆有1.16倍以上的提升，協同水解動力學上以莫爾比2倍的纖維二醣水解酶有1.95倍的提升，並以2倍纖維二醣水解酶的莫爾比例發酵

Nowadays, the world is faced with energy crisis, so people are looking for alternative energies. One of the alternative energies is fermentation by S.cerevisiae which produces bioethanol from agricultural waste. Recently, a paper showed that high-yield ethanol production was produced by yeast surface display of endoglucanase, cellobiohydrolase, and β-glucosidase. So it’s especially important for enhanced yield that utilize phage display for increasing copy number of cellulase. The functional display of M13 phage is as a scaffolding on S.cerevisiae cell surface. First, the cellulase is expressed from E.coli, individually. Every cellulase is fused with SH3 domain for binding coat protein Ⅷ which is already fused with SH3 ligand on phage surface. Second, surface display of PDZ domain on the yeast surface and phage display of PDZ ligand on coat protein III are linked to each other. This idea is based on M13 phage, which consists thousand copies a thousand copies of coat protein VIII. Before the cellulase binds to coat protein viii by SH3 protein interaction, the phage surface will have much cellulase. Finally, high-synergistic saccharification and fermentation of cellulose to ethanol should be efficiently accomplished. Although this system need to express in different system, but the part of phage will be combined with yeast system by lytic phage.

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