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研究生: 徐彬翔
Pin-Hsiang Hsu
論文名稱: 迴歸分析應用於人眼視覺對2D轉3D影像之立體顯示評估
A regression approach to visual assessment for the perception of 2D to 3D conversion in stereoscopic displays
指導教授: 林樹強
Shu-Chiang Lin
口試委員: 溫照華
none
林久翔
none
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 管理學院 - 工業管理系
Department of Industrial Management
論文出版年: 2014
畢業學年度: 102
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 75
中文關鍵詞: 模糊迴歸分析邊緣失真影像扭曲深度知覺2D轉3D影像
外文關鍵詞: Regression Analysis, Blur, Edge, Distortion, Depth, 2D to 3D
相關次數: 點閱:350下載:4
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  • 摘要
    近年來立體影像技術持續蓬勃發展及其相關應用也有重大突破。但仍就無法藉由3D播放設備來增加消費者購買動機,主因是3D製作成本偏高。許多研究顯示可藉由2D轉3D以致降低成本,於是學者溫照華等人提出使用Naked Eye 3D演算法來增強3D影像訊息並改善2D-to-3D演算法之缺失。立體影像2D轉3D的方式,對於消費者來說不僅可以降低成本也可以滿足使用者所需的3D內容。在本實驗中有4個控制因子,分別為Image(15張具有不同深度訊息的立體影像)、Repetition(影像處理重複次數,6次、12次、18次)、DOG Filter(高斯差濾波器,3×3、5×5、7×7)、Sigma(高斯差濾波器所使用之標準差,0.50、1.00、1.50、2.00、2.50、3.00)。此研究改變參數的調整,再以人類視覺對3D立體影像之深度線索、扭曲、邊緣失真及模糊的認知能力,對經Naked Eye 3D演算法處理之3D影像進行深度訊息合理性的比較。
    先經由變異數分析的結果篩選後,再對實驗數據進行迴歸分析及模型的建構,統計分析結果得知,實驗中的自變項之迴歸係數為負的,並且在自變項之次方向為負一時使迴歸模型最具線性關係,此轉換方式存在最佳解釋力。研究發現,負一次方的自變項與依變項間存在反比關係,當自變項之值越大,對觀看者而言,越增加2D轉3D的圖片立體感。此外,不同的圖像將會對立體感知的存在巨大影響,也值得探究這些立體影像感佳的圖片之內容存在何種線索以致立體感佳。


    ABSTRACT
    The technology of stereoscopic image goes on development in recent year. The related application of stereoscopic image has breakthroughs. However, it is not enough to increase the purchasing motivation of 3D products by counting on stereoscopic display, 3D-play equipment, and scarce 3D movies because of high cost of making 3D content.
    Due to high cost of stereo production, there are lots of studies indicate by converting 2D to 3D for cost down. Some scholars bring up Naked Eye 3D algorism to improve defect from the process of 2D to 3D conversion. Converting 2D image to 3D is a good technique to reduce both the production cost and to satisfy users’ need of 3D content. There are 4 control factors in this experiment, which are Image (15 pictures) Repetition (3 levels), DOG (Difference of Gaussian) Filter (4 levels) and Sigma (6 levels). We changed the levels of those independent factors for 3D image conversion, and then we ask participants to evaluate the perception of Depth, Distortion, Edge, and Blur which are dependent factors for the converted 3D images.
    Moreover, the results of ANOVA can be used for building up the Regression analysis model. The analysis showed that, the factors to the negative first power is the best transformed linear model of Regression. And the Regression coefficients of independent factors are minus. Above all, the higher value of independent factors is the better result of perception of stereograph will be. In addition, it is obvious that different images will have huge impacts on perception of stereograph. It is worth to make a thorough inquiry for the common of images which are better for perception of stereograph.

    摘要 I ABSTRACT II ACKNOWLEDGEMENT III TABLE OF CONTENTS IV LIST OF FIGURES VII LIST OF TABLES VIII CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Research Background 1 1.2 Research Purpose 2 CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 3 2.1 Generation of Stereoscopy 3 2.2 The Fundamental Theory of Image Conversion from 2D to 3D 3 2.3 The Principle and Format of 3D Display 4 2.4 The Conversion Technique of 2D to 3D by Using Depth Information 5 2.5 Relation between 3D Distortion and Visual Comfort 6 2.6 3D Edge Visibility 8 2.7 The Fuzzy Theory 9 2.8 Naked Eye 3D 9 CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHOD 11 3.1 Research Framework 11 3.2 Research Process 13 3.2.1 Independent Variable 14 3.2.2 Dependent Variable 14 3.3 Subject of Experiment 15 3.3.1 Character of Participant 15 3.3.2 Research Environment 15 3.4 Research Tools 17 3.4.1 Hardware 17 3.4.2 Software 17 3.5 Statistics Analysis 18 3.5.1 Factorial ANOVA 18 3.5.2 Regression Analysis 18 CHAPTER 4 ANALYSIS AND RESULTS 19 4.1 Factorial Analysis of ANOVA 20 4.1.1 ANOVA for Dependent Variable: Depth 20 4.1.2 ANOVA for Dependent Variable: Distortion 21 4.1.3 ANOVA for Dependent Variable: Edge 22 4.1.4 ANOVA for Dependent Variable: Blur 23 4.2 Regression Analysis 24 4.2.1 Regression Analysis for Depth 25 4.2.2 Regression Analysis for Distortion 26 4.2.3 Regression Analysis for Edge 27 4.2.4 Regression Analysis for Blur 28 4.3 Regression Model Fitting 29 4.3.1Fitting Model for Depth 30 4.3.2 Fitting Model for Distortion 32 4.3.3 Fitting Model for Edge 34 4.3.4 Fitting Model for Blur 36 CHAPTER 5 DISCUSSION 39 5.1 Study Finding 39 CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSIONS 45 6.1 Conclusions 45 6.2 Future Study 50 REFERENCES 52 CHINESE REFERENCES 54 APPENDIX 55

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    CHINESE REFERENCES
    1. 劉楷哲、吳其霖、黃偉豪、陳信榮、李錕、羅豐祥.(2010).基於3D顯示器格式之即時3D內容合成技術
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    3. 游耿能.(2011).以相機操作為基礎的視覺化照片搜尋系統
    4. 陳順宇(1997)。迴歸分析二版。臺:華泰書局。
    5. 吳昌訓.(2010).模糊的朦朧美?散景在攝影文化的地位

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