全球暖化的議題持續在世界各地燃燒，各國紛紛採取碳定價政策促使企業轉型，並且朝著2050年淨零碳排放量的目標前進。為了降低營建產業對於全球暖化的影響，勢必針對營建生命週期碳足跡進行盤查並降低營建材料所帶來的碳足跡，再結合循環經濟理念，鼓勵使用永續建材取代高碳排建材。以滿足循環經濟及永續建材的兩大設計目標，因而發展出新的一套工法「開放式建築」。開放式建築係以「搖籃到搖籃(C2C)」的設計理念，利用營建材料之再使用和再生性的特性，在建築拆除階段，將建材回收再利用，減少天然資源的浪費，提升營建材料的永續性。
MEGA House為內政部研究所委由台灣科技大學之產學合作案，以開放式建築的設計理念所建置的一棟開放式建築示範屋。本研究將以開放式建築MEGA House為例，探討考量碳足跡之建物生命週期最適化分析模式。因應未來碳費制度的實施，在設計/興建階段選擇不同的構法及材料，其興建成本、碳足跡成本及廢棄物處理成本亦不相同。因此本案利用建築資訊模型將營建材料依照材料特性定義為再利用(Reuse)、再生(Recycle)或廢棄物(Waste)三種類別，並應用SOS 2.0作為搜尋最佳組合之工具，求得工程項目興建成本、碳足跡成本及廢棄物處理成本三者之生命週期最低總成本。
本研究貢獻有兩個：
1.發展一套新穎考量碳足跡之建物生命週期最適化分析模式。將模式應用在初步設計階段，應用SOS 2.0求得最佳之工法與作業項目方案。
2.目前營建生命週期成本並未考量碳足跡成本及廢棄物處理成本，本研究導入碳費制度，藉由營建材料所產生的碳排放量轉換成碳足跡成本，以及計算在拆除階段無法再利用之材料廢棄物處理成本，一併納入營建生命週期成本進行計算。

The global warming has been serious issues around the world, and most of the countries have adopted carbon pricing policies to transform companies that could achieve the net-zero carbon emissions by 2050. To reduce the impact of the construction industry on global warming, it is imperative to check the carbon footprint of the construction life cycle and reduce it from the construction materials. Base on the concept of circular economy, the majority of the building materials is suggesting to use the sustainable one instead of the high-carbon one. In order to achieve “circular economy” and “sustainable building materials”, a new method "Open Building" has been developed. Based on the design concept of "Cradle to Cradle (C2C)", the open-plan building system utilizes the reuse and recycle of construction materials. For example, the ways to improve the sustainability of construction materials in demolition stage are recycling and reusing the building materials, and reducing the waste of natural resources.
MEGA House is an industry-university cooperation project of National Taiwan University of Science and Technology commissioned by the Institute of the Ministry of the Interior with the design concept of open architecture. This study will take the open-plan building MEGA House as an example to discuss the optimal analysis mode of cost of the total life cycle considering the carbon footprint of the building. The cost of construction, carbon footprint and waste disposal are different after the implementation of the cost of carbon system in the future. Therefore, this study defined Reuse, Recycle and Waste according to the material characteristics of construction materials by using building information model and use SOS 2.0 as a tool to search for the best combination, obtain the minimum total life cycle cost of project construction, carbon footprint and waste disposal costs.
There are two contributions of this research:
1.Develop a new model of carbon footprint based optimization model for building life-cycle total cost analysis. Apply the model at the preliminary design stage, and use SOS 2.0 to search for the best construction method and project plan.
2.Nowadays, the life cycle cost of construction does not take into account to the cost of carbon footprint and waste disposal. The carbon fee system was imported into this study and transform the carbon footprint of construction materials to carbon footprint costs, and calculating the cost of material waste at the demolition stage that cannot be reused. Finally, the total construction life cycle cost will be the sum of cost of the carbon footprint, waste disposal and the construction of the project.
Key words: Open Building, Cost of Carbon System, Circular Economy (5R), Symbiotic Organism Search 2.0, Building Information Model.

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