過去開挖研究多以平變應變進行不考量鄰近結構物之自由場(Greenfield)開挖模擬，並以自由場分析結果評估開挖引致的鄰房損害潛勢。實際上鄰近結構物之深開挖屬複雜的三向度問題，並且鄰房變形量與自由場地表沉陷量之間有明顯的差異。因此本研究目的為探討三維開挖引致地盤反應與鄰房之互制行為。本研究利用一穩健的解耦分析方法(DAM)探討獨立基腳型式之低樓層學校結構物在9個不同方位開挖引致之地盤反應與鄰房損害潛勢。研究分析結果顯示開挖引致鄰房基腳垂直位移量均大於鄰房位置對應的自由場沉陷量，鄰房基腳水平位移量因繫梁之束制效果而較為均勻。鄰房位於開挖區相同距離時，鄰房長軸平行開挖區方向之損害潛勢均較垂直開挖區方向嚴重。主要位於沉陷下凹區之鄰房受開挖引致的結構變形與塑性鉸數量均較其他鄰房位置嚴重，損害主要由角變量造成。位於沉陷過渡區及上拱區之鄰房承受側向應變影響較其他位置嚴重，且繫梁承受較大張力並產生較多塑性鉸。此外，本研究彙整9個不同鄰房方位之分析結果顯示鄰房角變量約為自由場角變量之0.62倍至1.5倍，並進一步建立鄰房角變量與自由場沉陷量之關係式，最後以平均絕對誤差百分比(MAPE)驗證顯示此關係式具有良好預測鄰房角變量的能力。本研究成果能提供鄰近結構物之深開挖工程及鄰房損害潛勢評估應用參考。

In the previous studies, most of the deep excavation analyses were conducted in plane strain condition. Adjacent building damage potential were usually evaluated by greenfield results. However, deep excavation with adjacent building is a complex three-dimensional problem and the ground settlement with building is different from the greenfield settlement. Therefore, the aims of this research is to study 3D excavation-structure interactions due to the excavation. The existing adjacent building is a typical low-rise school building supported by spread footings. The excavation-induced ground response and building damage potential of nine scenarios are studied by using a robust Decouple Analysis Method(DAM). The analytical results show that the footing displacement are significantly larger than the greenfield settlement at the same position. The footing horizontal movements are more evenly due to the effect of the tie-beam. At the same distance from the excavation, the building with the long axis parallel to the excavation exhibited more damage potential than that of the long axis perpendicular to the excavation. The building located mainly in the sagging zone is more prone to damage due to larger angular distortion and plastic hinge formation than buildings at other positions. The building located in the transition and hogging zone withstand more lateral strain than in the sagging zone, and tie beam exhibit more severe tension and more plastic hinge. Moreover, the nine scenarios results show that the building angular distortion is about 0.62 to 1.5 times of the greenfield angular distortion. This studies further develops the empirical correlation between the building angular distortion and the greenfield settlement. The proposed empirical correlation is validated using Mean Absolutely Percentage Error and shows a good agreement with the analysis result of building angular distortion. Research results can provide valuable information for deep excavation and damage potential assessment of the adjacent structures.

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