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研究生： 林庭妤
Ting-Yu Lin
論文名稱： 柔性回包式牆面加勁擋土牆之數值分析
Numerical Analyses of A Geosynthetic-Reinforced Soil Wall with Flexible Wrapped-Around Facing
指導教授： 楊國鑫
Kuo-Hsin Yang
口試委員: 洪勇善
Yung-Shan Hong
林宏達
Horn-Da Lin
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工程學院 - 營建工程系
Department of Civil and Construction Engineering
論文出版年： 2016
畢業學年度： 104
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 196
中文關鍵詞： 加勁擋土牆 、柔性回包式牆面 、有限元素法分析
外文關鍵詞： Geosynthetic-reinforced wall, Wrapped faces, Finite element analysis
相關次數： 點閱：348  下載：20 
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    • 本研究針對柔性回包式加勁擋土牆建立一有限元素法數值模式，並探討材料參數、施工與夯實方式，以及數值元件對加勁材應變分佈、張力發展與牆面變位之影響。本研究利用相對誤差概念(MAPE)以量化上述各因子的影響程度。本研究數值驗證選用加拿大皇家軍事學院所試驗的足尺寸回包式加勁擋土牆，以有限元素分析二維軟體PLAXIS針對此加勁擋土牆於工作應力情形下進行模擬與比較。研究分析的一項重點在於探討回包式牆面的模擬方式及回包牆面板彎曲勁度EI值的選定。此外，本研究亦考慮牆面在施工中是否束制(模擬現地施工中用來束制牆面的臨時支撐)對其數值模擬結果的影響。基準模型建立完成後，觀察其加勁材應變、張力發展及整體牆面變形趨勢。後續進行改變回填土材料性質、界面參數性質、牆面性質、土壤夯實方式之一系列參數分析。參數分析結果顯示回填土壤的本構模型及剪脹角值、牆面回包段長度、有無考慮牆趾束制的效果、牆面施工方法、夯實應力及牆後1公尺土壤參數折減等，改變這些參數會產生較大的相對誤差值，因此在模擬時，正確模擬這些項目，以獲得較準確之預測值。另外，界面性質(界面折減因子、界面長度)及夯實間距等，這些數值預測結果的相對誤差值較小。本研究成果可提供未來以有限元素法分析回包式牆面加勁擋土牆參考。

    The research describes a finite element model that was developed to simulate the response of a full-scale, geosynthetic-reinforced soil (GRS) wall with wrapped around faces. The selected GRS wall was 3.6m tall with uniform sand backfill built and carefully instrumented at Royal Military College. Numerical components and modeling procedures, especially the modeling approach for flexible wrapped faces, were described in the research. The baseline case was shown to yield predicted reinforcement tensile strains that are judged to be in good agreement with the measured data. After the numerical model was verified, a series of parametric analyses were carried out to examine the influence of soil constitutive model, soil modulus within 1 m from faces, interface, reinforcement wrapped length, stepped construction and compaction on the computed reinforcement loads and maximum facing displacement. A relative error technique was applied to quantitatively evaluate the influence of each parameter. The parametric study intended to identify key numerical components and modeling procedures which have influence on the computed reinforcement loads and facing displacement. The numerical results indicated that the interface and soil modulus within 1 m from faces have little influence on the predicted reinforcement loads for GRS structures under working stress conditions. The results of this study provide insightful information and facilitate the practical application of finite element analysis to GRS structure design.

    論文摘要 I ABSTRACT II 誌謝 III 目錄 IV 表目錄 VII 圖目錄 VIII 第一章 緒論 1 1.1前言 1 1.2研究動機與目的 7 1.3研究方法 8 1.4論文架構 9 第二章 文獻回顧 11 2.1前言 11 2.2加勁土壤結構物 12 2.2.1定義 12 2.2.2加勁材料 14 2.2.3牆面面板類型 16 2.2.4設計步驟 17 2.2.5設計理論 19 2.2.6穩定性檢核 26 2.3數值分析於加勁擋土結構物之相關研究 31 2.3.1 Bathurst and Hatami (2005)及Bathurst et al. (2006) 32 2.3.2 Anubhav and Basudhar (2011) 34 2.3.3 Ehrlich and Mirmoradi (2013) 36 2.3.4 Mirmoradi and Ehrlich (2015) 38 2.3.5 Scotland et al. (2015) 39 第三章 數值分析與驗證 47 3.1加勁擋土牆試驗介紹 47 3.1.1土壤性質 49 3.1.2加勁材性質 53 3.1.3試驗結果 56 3.2數值分析方法 61 3.2.1分析軟體 61 3.2.2分析模式 65 3.2.3回填土本構模型 66 3.2.4界面元素 73 3.3數值模型驗證 76 3.3.1回填土參數校正 76 3.3.2加勁材參數校正 82 3.3.3邊界條件設定與建造過程模擬 86 3.3.4數值模式與驗證 92 第四章 參數分析與結果 101 4.1參數分析說明 101 4.2回填土材料性質 103 4.2.1土壤本構模型 103 4.2.2土壤剪脹角大小 112 4.3牆面性質 120 4.3.1牆面回包長度 120 4.3.2牆趾束制 128 4.3.3牆面情形 135 4.4界面參數性質 145 4.4.1土壤與加勁材間之界面強度折減因子 145 4.4.2界面長度 151 4.5土壤夯實特性 155 4.5.1夯實應力大小 155 4.5.2夯實間距 167 4.5.3牆面後1m土壤模數折減 171 4.6綜合結果 176 4.6.1參數分析之相對誤差結果 176 4.6.2模擬參數對加勁材張力發展之影響(視覺化效果表示之) 179 第五章 結論與建議 181 5.1結論 181 5.2建議 185 參考文獻 186

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