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研究生： 張峻源
Jyun-yuan Jhang
論文名稱： 應用於功率放大器之無偏壓預失真電路設計
Design Method of Bias Free Predistorter for the Application of Power Amplifier
指導教授： 徐敬文
Ching-Wen Hsue
口試委員: 張勝良
Sheng-Lyang Jang
陳國龍
none
黃進芳
none
溫俊瑜
none
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 電資學院 - 電子工程系
Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering
論文出版年： 2011
畢業學年度： 99
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 137
中文關鍵詞： 功率放大器 、預失真電路
外文關鍵詞： linearizer, bias free
相關次數： 點閱：182  下載：3 
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    • 隨著無線通訊系統的快速發展，微波單頻帶已趨近飽和，為了利用更寬的頻譜來傳輸資訊，寬頻無線通訊系統就被構思出來，然而無線通訊系統(例:WCDMA手機,基地台)對線性度要求非常高，但功率放大器每增加1dBm線性輸出功率都是十分困難的。因此功率放大器必須利用功率退後(Power back-off)來確保其高線性度及避免通道干擾問題，本論文提出一些功率放大器的線性化技術，並設計一非線性電路使其在無線通訊系統所需要的頻率及功率範圍，有效的抑制交互失真（Intermodulation Distortion）且改善其功率輸出線性度，使其可用的輸出功率範圍可以有效增加。此電路具有小體積、低成本、低複雜度、損耗可控性的優點，這些優點讓此預失真電路更適合整合至手機內的功率放大器。為了驗證此非線性電路，我們將其整合至最大輸出功率為2瓦特(33dBm)的功率放大器前端，經過前端預失真電路，功率放大器可增加1dBm左右的線性輸出功率，進一步實驗發現交互失真現象最大可改善28dBc，可用的輸出功率範圍可以從24dBm改善至30dBm(改善4倍輸出功率範圍)在IM3<-30dBm 的條件下。我們同時將其整合至5W（37dBm）功率放大器內，實驗結果發現有效的輸出功率可以從Pout=29dBm 改善至Pout=34dBm在IM3<-30dBm的標準下。由模擬及實驗結果可證明此無偏壓預失真電路能有效的改善放大器在飽和區的非線性現象，這讓我們將來更有信心將其用來改善高功率放大器。

    Along with the rapid development of the wireless communication system, the microwave single-frequency-band technique is largely obsolete. In order to use the wide frequency band for data transmission, the wide-band communication system has been conceived. In other words, the system is required to convey multiple-tone signals. This leads to a stringent constraint that the signal processing of the communication system must be highly linear. However, it is very difficult for the power amplifier to achieve linearity with desirable convention efficiency. In many practical situations, the conventional power amplifier needs to operate in power back off mode so that not only the high linearity can be preserved but also the adjacent channel interference can be avoided. In this thesis, some useful linearization techniques will be presented for power amplifier design so that the inter-modulation distortion can be effectively suppressed which, in turn, extend the usable output power range. Our design achieves the advantages of small size, low cost, low complexity and controllable loss. These advantages make the predistorter be easier to integrate into the front end of the power amplifiers for both handset and base-station equipments. In order to verify the effectiveness of the predistortion linearizer, the predistorter has been integrated into the front end of the commercial 2W RF power amplifier. Through the predistortion circuit, the power amplifier largely improves the inter-modulation distortion. The experiment results reveal that the inter-modulation distortion can be reduced up to 28 dB, and the useful power level can be extended from Pout=23dBm to Pout=29dBm with the third-order inter-modulation distortion of IM3<-30dBm.The predistorter also integrate into 5W power amplifier, the experimental result shows that the useful output power level can be extended from Pout=29 dBm to Pout=34 dBm. Based on the systematic data obtained from the measured and simulation results, we can pertinently claim that the linearizer could mitigate the nonlinear effects when the power amplifier is driven into nonlinear region. In addition, the results could lead to the use of the linearizer for improving the high power amplifier in the future.

    Contents 摘要....................................................I Abstract...............................................II 致謝...................................................IV Contents...............................................VI List of Figure..........................................X List of Tables.........................................XV Chapter 1 Introduction.................................1 1.1 Motivati............................................1 1.2 Literature Survey...................................3 1.3 Proposal............................................5 1.4 Contributions.......................................7 1.5 Organization of Chapters............................9 Chapter2 Wireless Communication Systems and Linearity Consideration..........................................10 2.1 Modulation scheme.................................................11 Amplitude Modulation.............................................11 2.1.2 Frequency Modulation.............................................11 2.1.3 Amplitude Shift Keying.................................................12 2.1.4 Frequency Shift Keying.................................................12 2.1.5 Binary phase Shift Keying........................13 2.1.6 Quadrature phase Shift Keying....................14 2.1.7 Gaussian-Filtered Minimum Shift Keying...........14 2.1.8 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation..................15 2.2 Linearity Consideration of the System..............15 2.2.1 Memory effect....................................15 2.2.2 Linear, Time Variant, and Memory-less System.....17 2.2.3 Non-linear distortion analysis...................18 2.2.4 Harmonics........................................20 2.2.5 AM-AM Characterization...........................21 2.2.6 AM-PM Characterization...........................22 2.2.7 Cross modulation.................................23 Inter-modulation distortion............................24 2.2.9 Third-Order Intercept point......................26 2.2.10 Amplitude Distortion............................28 2.2.11 Phase Distortion................................30 2.2.12 Adjacent Channel Power Ratio....................32 2.2.13 The Intercept point deception...................32 2.3 Power Amplifiers in Communication Systems..........34 2.3.1 Classification of Power Amplifiers….............35 2.3.2 Reduced Conduction Angle Mode....................35 2.3.3 Switching Amplifiers Modes.......................41 Chapter 3 Linearization techniques for Power Amplifiers.............................................46 3.1 Feed-forward Techniques.............................................48 3.2 Feed-back Techniques...............................49 3.2.1 The Cartesian Loop...............................50 3.2.2 The Polar Loop...................................51 3.3 Pre-distortion.....................................52 3.3.1 Digital Pre-distortion...........................54 3.3.2 Analog Predistortion.............................55 Chapter 4 Pre-distortion Linearizer for Power Amplifiers .......................................................57 4.1 The loss controllable attenuator for Pre-distorter structure..............................................60 4.2 The nonlinear model of the schottky barrier diode..................................................62 4.2.1 The large signal model..................................................65 4.2.2 Anti-parallel schottky diode analysis for pre-distorter..............................................67 4.3 The Phase and Amplitude distortion of the Pre-distorter..............................................71 Chapter 5 Implementation and Experimental Results.....78 5.1 The simulation result of the 2 watt power amplifier. .......................................................79 5.2 Design method of the wideband Predistorter.........82 5.3 The Experiment of the compensation effect of Pre-distorter..............................................87 5.4 The linearity measurement..........................97 Chapter 6 Conclusion.................................111 Reference.............................................113

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