經濟合作發展組織(OECD)1999年的研究提出，企業發展創新活動的最新趨勢是與市場上其他角色之間的關係愈來愈緊密，研發的合作或結盟現象愈來愈普遍，因此創新合作的議題在國際間逐漸受重視。本研究的主要目的在於探討台灣創新廠商在創新過程中的合作動機與行為。我們主要利用國科會企劃處2010年「台灣地區第三次產業創新活動調查研究」的資料，研究方法採用Multivariate Probit Model，探討在創新過程中，台灣的廠商除了自身研發能力的貢獻之外，當採取不同的創新策略，不同智財保護策略及投資不同的創新活動時，是否影響廠商去選擇與不同的外部知識來源進行正式的合作，或非正式的知識交流，並針對製造業及服務業進行比較分析。本研究之研究結論有以下四點：

1.對於廠商選擇外部知識來源之合作或交流而言，廠商本身之創新策略比產業差異之影響來的程度高。

2.製造業及服務業對於外部知識來源之選擇存在差異，製造業多集中傾向與供應商及政府研究機構合作創新 ，服務業廠商傾向同時使用多個知識來源。

3.智財策略扮演廠商創新發展一重要角色，且對於廠商對於知識來源之選擇造成影響。

4.正式知識來源之間存在互補關係，而正式及非正式來淵之間多為替代關係。

In 1999, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development pointed out that the most recent development of firms’ innovation activity is the tendency to interact with other market actors. Business cooperation such as alliance between firms became more common. Firms increasingly rely upon external actors during their innovation process. We analyze the reasons why firms consider it crucial to develop formal (i.e. through a collaboration agreement) and informal (i.e. external actors acts as sources of information) external linkages in the innovation process, by looking at the role played by firms’ innovative strategies, intellectual property right protection strategies, and the investment of innovation activities. We use multivariate probit model to demonstrate the factors affect a firm’s choices to interact externally during innovation process by analyzing the data from Taiwan Technological Innovation Survey 3 (TIS 3) which is jointly collected by National Science Council and Ministry of Economic Affairs.

中文部分

吳思華(1998)，「知識流通對產業創新的影響」，第七屆產業管理研討會論文集，政治大學科學管理研究所，7,2-42

劉常勇，創新管理，http://cm.nsysu.edu.tw/~cyliu/

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