橋梁是重要的交通工程設施之一，因台灣多高山河川等特殊地貌，有時因技術的考量下，會採用施工快速且跨度施作範圍較長的鋼結構橋梁來進行施作。在自然環境方面，台灣經常發生颱風、地震、豪雨等自然現象，每次災害發生，皆會對鋼結構橋梁造成損傷。目前台灣地區現行的橋梁檢測方法以目視檢測為主，但是不容易診斷出地震、洪水、塗裝劣化與構件老化所造成的內部損傷，如何在鋼結構橋梁的生命週期中適當地進行補強作業，以防止風險成本的增加，避免影響用路人的安全是橋梁管理單位重要的課題。
本研究同時考量可視老化與潛勢危害等因素，導入風險分析的概念，將鋼結構橋梁風險分成構件老化、塗裝劣化、洪水與地震四部分，運用蒙地卡羅模擬以及歷史案例的推估，分別求出各個風險因子的維護機率、頻率。透過建置歷史案例資料庫，並且導入橋梁量體推估、人工智慧以及損害比等方式，來推論出鋼結構橋梁不同風險的維護成本。接著導入風險期望值的概念，計算出鋼結構橋梁的綜合能力指標，橋梁管理單位在維護經費有限的情況下，可以依據鋼結構橋梁的綜合能力指標，來進行規劃鋼結構橋梁之維護時機與成本的維護順序，求得生命週期之維護總風險成本。

Bridge is one of the most important traffic facilities. Due to Taiwan’s multi-mountain and multi-river geographical environment, sometimes construction department chooses the steel bridges considering the constraints of the technology. In the degree of natural environment, typhoon, earthquake, heavy rains and other natural phenomena happens a lot in Taiwan which causes disasters and damages the steel structures. For now, the most common way to inspect bridges is by visual inspection, but it is not easy to diagnose the internal damage caused by earthquakes, floods, painting degradation and aging of the components. How to properly reinforce the steel structure in the life cycle of steel bridges, and to prevent the increase in risk costs and avoid the impact of the safety of pedestrians is an important task of the bridge management unit.
This study divides the steel structure bridge into three parts: aging, painting degradation, flood and earthquake considering both the factors of visual aging and potential hazards under the concept of risk analysis. Monte Carlo simulation and historical case estimation are applied to find the maintenance rate and frequency of each risk factor respectively.
This model is able to figure out the maintenance costs of steel bridges using bridge volume estimation, artificial intelligence and harm ratio, etc. by the historical case database. The concept of risk expectation is introduced to calculate the comprehensive capacity index of the steel structure bridge. The bridge management unit can carry out the maintenance order of the steel structure bridge according to the comprehensive capacity index of the steel structure bridge under the condition of limited maintenance funds.
Key words: Life cycle, safety inspection of the steel bridge, bridge Maintenance Strategy, Monte Carlo, Artificial Intelligence, ESIM

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