簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 郭昆龍
Kun-Lung Kuo
論文名稱: 透過分析用戶移動量的方法去降低位置更新
Reduction of Location Updates via Mobile Movement
指導教授: 方文賢
Wen-Hsien Fang
口試委員: 洪賢昇
none
賴坤財
Kuen-Tsair Lay
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電資學院 - 電子工程系
Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering
論文出版年: 2005
畢業學年度: 93
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 53
中文關鍵詞: 交遞及位置更新.收話發話
外文關鍵詞: and Location Update (LU)., Handover (HO), Mobile Originating Call (MOC), Mobile Terminated Call (MTC)
相關次數: 點閱:267下載:2
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 此文章中提出利用人的移動性為基礎的理論,來降低無線通訊上的位置更新。我們知道在系統中記錄了一些用戶的行為,例如用戶撥通電話後的行為及撥通電話前位置更新的行為。其中位置更新的行為是以交換機做為記錄單位的,所以無法提供每個基地站的用戶移動行為。故本文章所提出的方法是將撥通電話後以基地站做為記錄的行為,溶入以交換機為記錄的位置更新行為,利用數理統計得到每個基地站的用戶移動行為。而撥通電話後的行為,本文章取用了發話、受話及交遞的行為。從這些行為記錄中,可以預測用戶的數量及方向性的移動量,而且這些都以基地站為單位記錄,所以就可以得到基地站撥通電話後的移動量。接著將這些訊息套進邊界上的基地站,再與交換機為單位的位置更新之數值做數理統計的分析,如此一來就可以得到發話、受話、及交遞對位置更新的貢獻係數,再將這些係數套入其它的基地站,那麼全網每個基地站的用戶移動行為就可以預測出來。接著利用此用戶移動行為的資訊找出全網中移動量較少的基地站,最後將這些基地站設為邊界,如此一來,因移動量比較少,所以位置更新的次數也因此減少。


    The proposed approach is to reduce the location update (LU) attempts in wireless networks by the prediction of idle movement of people. As we know there are active movement and idle movement of people recorded in the hardware of wireless networks. Active movement is recorded by cell level, but idle movement is recorded by Mobile Switching Center (MSC)/ Visitor Location Register (VLR) level. Thus there is no relationship between them. The proposed approach creates the relationship between them to generate the formula of idle movement of each cell. It uses the Mobile Originating Call (MOC), Mobile Terminated Call (MTC), and Handover (HO) form the active movement. Meanwhile it takes the LU attempts from idle movement into account. With the active movement information, we can get the directional idle movement of people of each cell on its corresponding direction. From the above information, we can get the contribution to the LU attempt for the MOCs, MTCs, and HO respectively. By the contribution, we can get the coefficients of the MOCs, MTCs, and HO. Applying the coefficients to each cell in the wireless networks, and we can get the idle movement of each cell. Since we get the idle movement of people of each cell, we can use it to find out the cells with relatively low idle movement. The best borders are set on those cells because of the relatively low idle movement. Thus the LU attempts are reduced to the minimum value. This can bring the benefits to hardware of wireless networks and free up more resource to work on the necessary services.

    CONTENTS Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Research Motivation and Objective 1 1.2 Organization of the Thesis 3 Chapter 2 BACKGROUND 4 2.1 Location Area (LA) 6 2.1.1 MSC and SGSN Area 7 2.1.2 VLR Area 8 2.1.3 LA and RA Area 9 2.1.4 BSC and RNC Area 10 2.1.5 Cell Area 11 2.2 Mobility Behavior 12 2.2.1 MTC 13 2.2.2 MOC 14 2.2.3 HO 15 2.2.4 LAU and RAU 17 Chapter 3 THE PROPOSED APPROACH 18 3.1 Active Movement Behavior in GSM 19 3.2 Idle Movement Behavior in GSM 22 3.3 Relationship between Active and Idle Movement 25 3.3.1 The Correlations of MTC, MOC, HO, and LU 28 3.3.2 The Regression of MTC, MOC, HO, and LU 32 3.3.3 The SM Prediction versus Real LU 34 3.3.4 Summary 35 Chapter 4 EMPIRICAL EVALUATION AND DISCUSSION 39 4.1 Accuracy Evaluation 39 4.2 Evaluation on Reducing LU 43 4.3 Discussion 47 Chapter 5 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS 48 Bibliography: 50 Biography 54

    [1] D. Senzaki, G. Chakraborty, H. Mabuchi and M. Matsuhara, "Distance based location management in cellular PCS network a critical study,” in Proc. International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications, pp.95-98, 2004.

    [2] G. Wei, S. Wu and E. Mao, "Estimation of vector miss distance based on source localization,” in Proc. IEEE Radar Conference, pp.604–609, 2004.

    [3] T. Tung and A. Jamalipour, "Adaptive location management strategy to the distance-based location update technique for cellular networks,” in Proc. IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, pp.172-176, 2004.

    [4] L. Li, Y. Pan and J. Li, "An improved movement-based location management scheme for PCS network,” in Proc. IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, pp.757-760, 2003.

    [5] H. Wang, G. Fan and J. Zhang, "Performance comparison of location areas and reporting centers under aggregate movement behavior mobility models,” in Proc. International Conference on Parallel Processing, pp.445–452, 2002.

    [6] K.H. Chiang and N. Shenoy, "A 2-D random-walk mobility model for location-management studies in wireless networks,” in Proc. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Vol. 53, pp.413–424, March 2004.

    [7] 3GPP TS 23.221: "Architectural requirements".

    [8] 3GPP TS 23.002: "Network architecture".

    [9] D.M. Li, J.Zhou, B.Y. Tang and Z.H. Sheng, "Partition digraph for selecting home base station and optimizing the balance of HLR and VLRS,” in Proc. International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics, pp.1182–1186, 2004.

    [10] 3GPP TS 23.195: "Provision of User Equipment Specific Behaviour Information (UESBI) to network entities".

    [11] E. Cayirci and I.F. Akyildiz, "Optimal location area design to minimize registration signaling traffic in wireless systems,” in Proc. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, Vol. 2, pp.76-85, March 2003.

    [12] A. Roy, S.K. Das and A. Misra, "Exploiting information theory for adaptive mobility and resource management in future cellular networks,” in Proc. IEEE Personal Communications Wireless Communications, Vol. 11, pp.59-65, Aug. 2004.

    [13] G. Chakraborty, B.B. Bista, D. Chakrabort and N. Shiratori, "Location management in PCN by movement prediction of the mobile host,” in Proc. IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 1, pp.78-83, July 2002.

    [14] E. Clayirci and I.F. Akyildiz, " User mobility pattern scheme for location update and paging in wireless systems,” in Proc. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, Vol. 1, pp.236-247, July. 2002.

    [15] L. Wang and N.T. Zhang, "A location management scheme based on pointers strategy in the roaming cluster for the ad-hoc networks,” in Proc. IEEE International Conference on Personal Wireless Communications, pp.275–279, 2002.

    [16] 3GPP TS 25.922: "Radio resource management strategies".

    [17] S. Thongthammachart and H. Olesen, "Mobile location services over the next generation IP core network,” in Proc. International Conference on Telecommunications, pp.324–329, 2003.

    [18] S.C. Lo and A.L.P. Chen, "Adaptive region-based location management for PCS systems,” in Proc. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology Conference, pp.667-676, 2002.

    [19] K.W. Shum and C.W. Sung, "Kalman-filter-based predictive location management for PCS networks,” in Proc. IEEE Semiannual Vehicular Technology Conference, pp.2701-2705, 2003.

    [20] I.S. Misra, M.K.S. Mahapatra, S. Karmakar, P.S. Bhattacharjee, D. Saha and A. Mukherjee, "Minimization of location update and paging cost for PCS networks,” in Proc. IEEE International Conference on Personal Wireless Communications, pp.260–264, 2002.

    [21] W. Liang and N.T. Zhang, "Dynamic location management in LEO networks,” in Proc. IEEE International Symposium on Personal Wireless Communications, Vol. 3, pp. 1397-1401, Sept. 2002.

    [22] W. Liang, N.T. Zhang, "Meta-cell movement-based location management in LEO networks,” in Proc. IEEE Region Conference on Computers, Communications, Control and Power Engineering, pp.1213-1216, 2002.

    [23] Y. Xiao, "Optimal fractional movement-based scheme for PCS location management,” in Proc. IEEE Communications Letters, Vol. 7, pp.67-69, Feb. 2003.

    [24] Y. Xiao and K. Wu, "Location update for PCS networks with a fractional movement threshold,” in Proc. International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems Workshops, pp.825–829, 2003.

    [25] N. Shenoy and B. Hartpence, "A mobility model for cost analysis in integrated cellular/WLANs,” in Proc. International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks, pp.275-280, 2004.

    [26] S.J. Oh, "The location management scheme using mobility information of mobile users in wireless mobile networks,” in Proc. International Conference on Computer Networks and Mobile Computing, pp.230–237, 2003.

    [27] V. Casares-Giner and P. Garcia-Escalle, "On movement based mobility tracking strategy-a general framework,” in Proc. IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, pp.1957–1962, 2004.

    [28] J. Li, Y. Pan and X. Jia, "Analysis of dynamic location management for PCS networks,” in Proc. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology Conference, pp.1109-1119, 2002.

    [29] Y. Fang, "Movement-based mobility management and trade off analysis for wireless mobile networks,” in Proc. IEEE Transactions on Computers, Vol. 52, pp.791-803, June 2003.

    [30] Y. Xiao, Y. Pan and J. Li, "Movement-based location management for 3G cellular networks, GLOBECOM '03,” in Proc. IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, pp.4101-4105, 2003.

    [31] J.L. Patton and F.A. Mussa-Ivaldi, "Robot-assisted adaptive training: custom force fields for teaching movement patterns,” in Proc. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, Vol. 51, pp.636–646, April 2004.

    [32] R. Cheng, D.V. Kalashnikov and S. Prabhakar, "Querying imprecise data in moving object environments,” in Proc. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, Vol. 16, pp.1112-1127, Sept. 2004.

    [33] W.J. Choi and S. Tekinay, "Distance-based location update scheme with isotropic random user motion with drift,” in Proc. IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, pp.1111-1115, 2002.

    [34] W. Navidi and T. Camp, "Stationary distributions for the random waypoint mobility model,” in Proc. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, Vol. 3, pp.99-108, Jan. 2004.

    [35] J. Xu, X. Tang and D.L. Lee, "Performance analysis of location-dependent cache invalidation schemes for mobile environments,” in Proc. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, Vol. 15, pp.474-488, March 2003.

    [36] W. Li and X. Chao, "Modeling and performance evaluation of a cellular mobile network,” in Proc. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, Vol. 12, pp.131–145, Feb. 2004.

    [37] K. Majumdar and N. Das, "Neural networks for location management in mobile cellular communication networks,” in Proc. TENCON Conference on Convergent Technologies for Asia-Pacific Region, pp.647-651, 2003.

    [38] H.W. Hwang, C.C. Tseng and M.F. Chang, "Analysis of the direction-based location update schemes for wireless cellular networks,” in Proc. IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, pp.1668-1672, 2002.

    QR CODE