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研究生： 陸庭筠
Ting-Yun Lu
論文名稱： 色彩對視覺醒目度的影響：以地鐵交通圖為例
Influences of colour on visual conspicuity: taking subway maps as an example.
指導教授： 歐立成
Li-Chen Ou
口試委員: 孫沛立
Pei-Li Sun
林宗翰
Tzung-Han Lin
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 應用科技學院 - 色彩與照明科技研究所
Graduate Institute of Color and Illumination Technology
論文出版年： 2018
畢業學年度： 106
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 106
中文關鍵詞： 視覺搜尋 、醒目度 、反應時間 、色彩三屬性 、醒目度數學模型
外文關鍵詞： visual search, conspicuity, reaction time, color attributes, conspicuity model
相關次數： 點閱：219  下載：9 
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    • 現今為科技高度發展之世代，色彩的應用琳瑯滿目，生活步調快速，效率是
    經常被提起的重要指標，完善的介面設計能幫助使用者節省時間提升效率。本研
    究以交通路線圖為例，利用色彩的差異性預期使用者能更快速進行區辨，以減少
    搜尋路線圖的時間。
    本研究分成兩個實驗，實驗一：醒目度實驗，與實驗二：模型測試實驗。
    實驗一主要探討色彩三屬性對交通路線圖的醒目度影響，以供使用者能快速
    辨認，因此針對色彩的明度、彩度、色相三者分開進行分析，並將路線圖的位置
    納入影響因素，討論交通路線圖的醒目度將如何受到影響。醒目度實驗利用受測
    者尋找目標物的反應時間的倒數來描述該目標物的醒目度。實驗二將透過實驗一
    的色彩三屬性分析結果建立相對應的數學模型，以預測不同的明度、彩度、色相
    所產生的醒目度，並建立醒目度的數學模型。
    研究結果發現當目標物與干擾物之間的明度、彩度、色相差異越大則醒目度
    越高，而當目標物位置越靠近螢幕正中心越能提高醒目度。醒目度預測模型 R
    為0.88反應出不錯的效果，本研究結果將提供設計師在色彩搭配設計時的參考。

    Nowadays, when science and technology are highly developed, efficiency is an
    important indicator often mentioned in a fast-paced life, and the application of color
    can be seen everywhere to reach the goal. With a comprehensive interface design,
    users can save time and improve their efficiency. Taking subway maps as an example,
    this study is about how color differences enable users to distinguish target item within
    reduced time.
    Two experiments were conducted in this study. The first experiment was
    conspicuity experiment. The second experiment was the conspicuity model test.
    The first experiment discusses how the influence of colors on visual conspicuity
    can result in different reaction time period of users. Therefore, the color lightness,
    chroma, and hue are separately analyzed, and the location of items on the subway map
    is included as an influencing factor to discuss how the conspicuity of the subway map
    will be affected. The visual conspicuity was defined in this study as reciprocal
    indication of reaction time. Observers were asked to find the target in subway map as
    soon as possible, and their reaction time was seen as the conspicuity of maps with
    different colors. In the second experiment, conspicuity model was developed based on
    the result of the first experiment, generating predictive conspicuity model from
    lightness, chroma and hue.
    It is found that when the color between the target item and the interference have
    greater differences, it creates better visual conspicuity. Also, when the target item is
    closer to the center of the screen, the conspicuity increases. According to the visual
    conspicuity model, a better effect on conspicuity is generated when R=0.88. This
    study can be provided to designer as a color matching reference.

    目錄 摘要 .......................................................................................................................................I 英文摘要 ............................................................................................................................. II 致謝 .................................................................................................................................... III 圖目錄 ................................................................................................................................ VI 表目錄 ............................................................................................................................. VIII 第一章 緒論 ........................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 研究動機 ................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 研究目的 ................................................................................................................... 1 1.3 論文架構 ................................................................................................................... 2 第二章 文獻探討 ................................................................................................................. 4 2.1 CIELAB 色彩空間 ...................................................................................................... 4 2.2 色差公式 ................................................................................................................... 5 2.3 視覺搜尋 ................................................................................................................... 6 2.3 小結 ......................................................................................................................... 15 第三章 研究方法與實驗設計............................................................................................ 17 3.1 醒目度實驗 .............................................................................................................. 17 3.1.1 實驗影像設計 ................................................................................................... 18 3.1.2 色彩選擇 ........................................................................................................... 19 3.1.3 交通路線圖位置分布 ........................................................................................ 24 3.1.4 受測者 ............................................................................................................... 24 3.1.5 實驗程序 ........................................................................................................... 25 3.2 數據分析方法 .......................................................................................................... 28 3.2.1 相關係數 (Correlation Coefficient) ................................................................... 28 3.2.2 95%信賴區間 (Confidence Interval) .................................................................. 29 3.2.3 均方根 (Root Mean Square).............................................................................. 29 3.2.4 算術平均數 (Arithmetic Mean) ........................................................................ 30 3.2.5 幾何平均數 (Geometric Mean) ......................................................................... 30 3.2.6 使用儀器設備 ................................................................................................... 31 第四章 醒目度實驗 ........................................................................................................... 34 4.1 重複性分析 .............................................................................................................. 34 4.2 位置對醒目度之影響 ............................................................................................... 36 4.3 實驗一：色彩對醒目度之影響 ................................................................................ 50 4.4 實驗二：模型測試 .................................................................................................. 59 第五章 結論與建議 ........................................................................................................... 69 5.1 位置對醒目度的影響 ............................................................................................... 69 5.2 色彩對醒目度的影響 ............................................................................................... 69 5.3 未來研究方向 ........................................................................................................... 70 參考文獻 ............................................................................................................................ 71 附錄 .................................................................................................................................... 73 附錄一 交通地鐵圖之 15 種路線 .................................................................................. 73 附錄二 醒目度實驗之實驗畫面 .................................................................................... 74 附錄三 醒目度實驗反應時間 ........................................................................................ 94

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