著名的史丹佛 (Stanford) 棉花糖實驗，讓延宕滿足的概念為大眾所知，追蹤具備延宕滿足的孩童，在成年後的學業表現、抗壓性以及人際關係等，皆優於同儕。而作為一項特質，其應當受到其他因素影響，可以透過後天的改變去獲得。故本研究欲探討影響延宕滿足的變項，從自我決定論出發，其中的三大基本心理需求是否可以預測延宕滿足能力，自我決定論闡述自我控制以及自我動機的概念，其與延宕滿足之概念有類似之處，故以其作為出發點。本研究分為兩部分，研究一探討三大基本心理需求：自主性、勝任感及歸屬感對延宕滿足的影響；研究二接續研究一之結果，進行實驗操作再次驗證研究一之發現。本研究樣本採線上問卷方式蒐集，研究二之實驗操作亦於線上問卷進行。研究結果發現：（1）整體的基本心理需求可以預測延宕滿足，（2）將其個別作分析，則只有勝任感可以顯著預測延宕滿足。研究二續研究一的發現，進行勝任感的實驗操作，分為高低勝任感兩組，（3）再次驗證勝任感可以預測延宕滿足，然而雖然勝任感可以預測延宕滿足，（４）高低兩組的延宕滿足並無顯著差異。本研究結果顯示，三大基本心理需求中，只有勝任感可以顯著預測延宕滿足程度。

The concept of delayed gratification was popularized by the renowned Stanford Marshmallow Experiment. The researchers kept tracking kids capable of delaying gratification until adulthood. The kids with the capacity of delaying gratification have higher SAT scores, superior social skills, and are better at handling pressure. As a trait it should be affected by other factors; in other words, it can be acquired by change. As a result, the purpose of this research is to study the variables impacting delayed gratification, and the three basic psychological needs from the self-determination theory (SDT); SDT describes the concepts of self-control and motivation, and the similarities to the concept of delayed gratification are what makes it the starting point of this study. There are two parts to this study; the first part investigates the effects of the three basic psychological needs, namely autonomy, competence, and relatedness, on delayed gratification; the second part continues from the results of the first part, and validates the findings from the first part again through experimental manipulation. The samples in this study were collected via online questionnaire. This study found that: (1). The basic psychological needs as a whole can predict delayed gratification, (2). Analyzed separately, only competence can significantly predict delay gratification; as a continuation from the first part, experimental manipulation was conducted on competence, and two groups were divided into (One is of high competence while the other is of low competence), (3). Competence can predict delayed gratification has been validated again, and (4). Although competence can predict delayed gratification, no significant difference in delayed gratification exists between the two groups of differing levels of competence.

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