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研究生: 鄭光廷
Kuang-ting Cheng
論文名稱: LED晝行燈散熱設計之整合研究
Integrated Numerical and Experimental Study on the Thermal Management for LED Daytime Running Lamp
指導教授: 林顯群
Sheam-Chyun Lin
口試委員: 陳呈芳
none
郭鴻森
none
李基禎
none
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工程學院 - 機械工程系
Department of Mechanical Engineering
論文出版年: 2009
畢業學年度: 97
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 158
中文關鍵詞: 發光二極體散熱晝行燈
外文關鍵詞: LED, Thermal Management, DRL
相關次數: 點閱:236下載:2
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隨著歐盟執委會明令2011年起新車必須配置「晝行燈自動照明系統」,讓行進中的汽車更容易被看見,減少事故發生的機率,因此許多車廠也相繼投入研究,但目前大部分的車輛還是以開啟近光燈當晝行燈使用,此舉雖然提高了安全性,卻也導致需頻繁的更換光源以及能源的浪費;而LED因為有著環保、體積小、耗電量少、啟動快、壽命長等優點,成為目前最適合於晝行燈之光源,但卻會因操作溫度過高而燒毀,良好的散熱設計使晝行燈能穩定工作,將是LED應用於晝行燈之重要關鍵。
有鑑於此,本文將針對LED晝行燈進行散熱設計開發,透過數值模擬分析設計出有效的解決方案,並且將所設計之一體式散熱模組透過壓鑄法製造出LED晝行燈原型,再使用恆溫箱進行實際量測,將其數據與模擬值作一比較,以探討本文所建構之模擬結果與實際量測間之誤差。模擬結果顯示在環境溫度為35oC時,LED的晶片接合點溫度為51oC,在考量熱阻及輻射下所模擬之結果其誤差也在5%以內,而在將輸入功率提升四倍後,接合點溫度則為88.6 oC,低於LED失效溫度120 oC許多。足以證明本文所建構之數值模型及模擬方法具有相當之可信度,不僅成功設計出能有效解決LED晝行燈散熱問題之方案,亦可作為後續其它以LED為光源的燈具之參考與應用。


Recently, the European Commission has ordered that all new motor vehicles be equipped with the Dedicated Daytime Running Light (DRL) from the year 2011 to enhance road safety. DRL is a special lamp; they can be automatically switched on when the engine is started, and hence substantially increase the visibility of motor vehicles. Regarding its applications in DRL, LED offers many advantages over traditional light sources. Other than its high lighting efficacy (lumens/Watt), low electricity consumption, quick response time, and long lifetime, LED is generally small in size, which provides the design of vehicle DRL greater flexibility. However, the application of high brightness LED on DRL still faces severe thermal challenge in removing the unavoidable dissipation heat, which directly influences the radiation efficiency, emitted light quality, and lifetime of LED. Therefore, this investigation focuses on the thermal management for LED Daytime Running Lamp through an integrated effort of CFD simulation, CNC mockup fabrication, and experimental verification.
At first, a comprehensive CFD simulation is executed to check the heat-removing performance of several thermal modules for identifying the best thermal design. Thereafter, this effective LED module integrated with a ZINC-AL alloy casing is fabricated via die-casting and carried out the thermal performance measurements in an isothermal chamber for experimentally validating the numerical outcomes. As a result, after taking the contact resistance and radiation into account, the comparison between numerical and experimental results indicates an acceptable deviation percentage within 5%. Also, experimental result shows that the LED junction temperature is located within the range of 50~51 °C for the case of a 2.34-Watt power input and a 35°C environmental temperature. Moreover, for a 10-Watt power input, the numerical calculation predicts that LED junction temperature is 88.6 °C, which is still well below the safety limit (120 °C). In conclusion, the accomplishment of this research offers a rigorous and systematic design scheme for the thermal management of the DRL. This design scheme has successfully produced an efficient thermal module to control the LED chip temperature below safety limit.

目錄 摘要 I Abstract I 致謝 IV 目錄 V 圖目錄 IX 符號索引 XIII 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 前言 1 1.2 DRL的發展沿革 9 1.3 應用於LED晝行燈之散熱元件評估 13 1.3.1 主動式散熱器 13 1.3.2 被動式散熱器 15 1.4 文獻回顧 19 1.4.1 散熱鳍片之較佳化設計 19 1.4.2 目前LED頭燈發展狀況 21 1.5 研究動機與方法 25 第二章 物理模式與理論分析 30 2.1 熱傳基本原理 30 2.1.1 熱傳遞 31 2.1.2 熱阻 33 2.2自然對流下之垂直式鰭片的散熱量估算 42 2.2.1 流體流動型態的判定 42 2.2.2 散熱鰭片性能探討 44 2.2.3 垂直鰭片之最佳間距 48 2.2.4 最大熱傳量估算 52 第三章 數值方法與數值模型建構 55 3.1 統御方程式 57 3.2 數值計算方法 60 3.2.1 離散化(Discretization)方法 60 3.2.2 速度與壓力耦合的處理 64 3.2.3 求解流程 66 3.3 數值邊界條件與參數設定 69 3.4 熱輻射模型(Radiation Model) 71 3.4.1 熱輻射總體傳輸方程式(Radiative Transfer Equation) 73 3.4.2多表面輻射傳熱模型(S2S) 74 3.5 數值模型建構與網格獨立性測試 79 3.5.1 數值模型組成 79 3.5.2 網格獨立性測試 84 第四章 實驗規劃與設備 86 4.1 實驗環境與設備 88 4.1.1 恆溫環境量測系統 88 4.1.2 溫度感測器與校正 90 4.2 實驗方法與步驟 94 4.2.1 LED實際發熱瓦數確認 94 4.2.2 鋁材散熱座陽極處理與否之性能比較 95 4.2.3 原型LED晝行燈之溫度量測 98 第五章 實驗及模擬結果比較與討論 103 5.1 LED發熱瓦數之模擬與實驗驗證 104 5.2 鋁材陽極處理與否的性能差異 109 5.3 塑膠燈殼之模擬結果 114 5.4 鋅鋁合金燈殼之模擬結果 117 5.4.1 未加入接觸熱阻之模擬結果 120 5.4.2 加入輻射與接觸熱阻之模擬結果 126 5.4.3 更改輸入功率之模擬結果 129 第六章 結論與建議 131 6.1 結論 131 6.2 建議 133 參考文獻 135 作者簡介 140

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