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研究生： 梁進
Chin Liang
論文名稱： 伺服器代工產業的韌體與軟體研發策略-以J公司為例
Firmware and software development strategies in the server design service and ODM industry- a case study of company J.
指導教授： 游進陽
Chin-Yang Yu
口試委員: 蔡孟涵
Meng-Han Tsai
蔡孟霖
Meng-Lin Tsai
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工程學院 - 高階科技研發碩士學位學程
Executive Master of Research and Development
論文出版年： 2023
畢業學年度： 112
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 92
中文關鍵詞： 雲端科技 、伺服器產業 、波特五力分析模型 、波士頓矩陣 、開源運算計畫
外文關鍵詞： SWOT, TOWS, PEST, CI/CD, SDLC
相關次數： 點閱：59  下載：0 
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    • 本研究旨在探討雲端科技、邊緣運算及人工智慧應用快速發展之際，伺服器白牌廠商J公司如何在伺服器產業中運用多種戰略分析工具，以制定有效的技術研發策略並聚焦到韌體及軟體的研發策略與流程及工具上。為達到此目的，本研究在第二章回顧了伺服器產業資訊、雲端服務產業資訊以及軟體研發技術文獻的內容。在第三章對所使用的分析工具SWOT分析、TOWS分析、PEST分析、波特五力分析模型、波士頓矩陣、價值主張畫布、價值鏈以及技術策略藍圖等分析工具做介紹。在第四章透過這些分析工具，我們深入分析了J公司伺服器部門的內部與外部環境，確定了伺服器產業的優勢、劣勢、機會和威脅，以及競爭因子的影響。同時，我們也研究了企業伺服器部門的策略、組織結構、流程、技術及人員，接著將範圍聚焦在韌體及軟體開發的研發流程，使用continuous integration/continuous delivery (CI/CD) 與混合式的開發流程，以確保其與外部環境相互匹配。
    本研究的結果顯示，個案J公司的韌體及軟體的開發策略利用雲端服務作為基礎架構，如公有雲、私有雲和混合雲，以及採用有效的開發流程，如瀑布式與敏捷開發的混合式流程，並在專案管理上以軟體開發生命週期為基礎架構流程，使用自動化開發上如CI/CD及自動測試以達到增加效率及開發品質改善的目標。在韌體技術的趨勢研究上則分析開源運算計畫的發展趨勢，決定導入開源軟體的技術策略。根據研究的結果，我們對J公司有以下的建議。首先，J公司需要繼續關注於開源規範的新技術及其發展的方向，相對於其他較傳統架構為主的競爭對手，J公司強調保持其在伺服器研發代工產業中的創新優勢及差異化。其次，公司需要加強其研發團隊的培訓和自動化工具的使用，以確保其擁有足夠的技術能力和開發速度來應對日益變化的市場需求。在韌體研發趨勢方面，研究最新的韌體發展趨勢。最後，公司需要加強與其客戶的關係，以更好地理解客戶需求並逐步逐一地提供符合其需求的最佳解決方案。

    This study aims to explore how server original design manufacturers (ODMs) can utilize a variety of strategic analysis tools to develop effective technology R&D strategies, with a focus on firmware and software development strategies, processes, and tools during the rapid development of cloud technology, edge computing, and artificial intelligence applications. To achieve this goal, Chapter Two reviews literature on server industry, cloud service industry insights, and software development technologies. Chapter Three introduces the analytical tools used, including SWOT matrix, TOWS matrix, PEST analysis, Porter's Five Forces model, Boston Matrix, Value Proposition Canvas, Value Chain, and T-Plan. In Chapter Four, through these analytical tools, we delve into the internal and external environments of Company J's server division, identifying the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in the server industry, competitive factors' impacts. Additionally, the research delves into the company's strategic, organizational structure, processes, technology, and personnel in the server division, focusing on firmware and software development processes that use continuous integration/continuous delivery (CI/CD) and hybrid development workflows to ensure alignment with external environments.
    The results of the study indicate that Company J's firmware and software development strategies utilize cloud services as a foundational infrastructure, such as public, private, and hybrid clouds, and adopt effective development processes combining waterfall and agile methodologies. Project management is based on the software development lifecycle, utilizing automated development practices like CI/CD and automated testing to enhance efficiency and improve development quality. Trends in firmware technology were analyzed by examining the development trends of Open Compute Project, leading to the adoption of an open-source software technology strategy. Based on the findings, several recommendations for Company J are proposed. Firstly, Company J should continue to monitor new technologies and developments in open-source standards to maintain its innovative advantage and differentiation in the server OEM industry compared to traditional competitors. Secondly, the company needs to enhance its R&D team's training and use of automation tools to ensure sufficient technical capability and development speed to meet rapidly changing market demands. Regarding firmware development trends, the latest trends should be studied. Lastly, the company should strengthen its relationships with customers to better understand their needs and progressively provide the best solutions that meet those requirements.

    摘要 i Abstract iv 誌謝 vi 目錄 vii 圖目錄 xi 表目錄 xiii 第一章 緒言 1 1.1 研究背景與動機 1 1.2 研究方法與步驟 1 1.2.1 伺服器市場分析 4 1.2.2 設計系統化、自動化與或混合式的研發流程 4 1.2.3 研究目的 5 第二章 市場與技術分析 6 2.1 伺服器介紹、產業及成長趨勢分析 6 2.1.1 伺服器分類 6 2.1.2 伺服器代工模式 7 2.1.3 伺服器生產流程 7 2.1.4 伺服器上中下游產業鏈 8 2.1.5 品牌與白牌伺服器主要廠商 9 2.1.6 全球伺服器成長動能及佔比 11 2.1.7 伺服器CPU產品藍圖 15 2.1.8 Open Compute Project (OCP)的介紹 17 2.2 現有雲端廠商及技術簡介 17 2.2.1 伺服器雲端產業成長的因素 18 2.2.2 雲端服務主要供應商 19 2.2.3 雲端服務應用市場成長動能 20 2.2.4 雲端服務定義 23 2.3 伺服器韌體及軟體簡介 25 2.3.1伺服器韌體產業鏈 26 2.3.2 伺服器韌體與軟體總類 26 2.3.3 伺服器之介紹 27 2.3.4 伺服器工具軟體 28 2.4 伺服器研發的關鍵技術 29 2.4.1 技術標準 29 2.4.2 成本控制 30 2.4.3 散熱設計 31 2.4.4 研發流程 32 2.5 伺服器研發的關鍵技術聚焦於韌體及軟體開發 33 2.5.1 伺服器韌體及軟體研發自動化與半自動化工具 33 2.5.2 伺服器軟體開發流程介紹 33 2.5.3 伺服器韌體與軟體開發的挑戰 35 2.5.4 韌體及軟體開發策略介紹 35 2.6 個案公司介紹 37 2.6.1 個案公司簡介 37 2.6.2 J公司的財務績效分析 39 2.6.3 J公司伺服器事業部的介紹 40 2.6.4 J公司伺服器各事業部據點 41 2.6.5 J公司的競爭對手市占率分析 42 2.6.6 J公司伺服器韌體及軟體部門基於基礎設施的研發工具與流程 43 第三章 研究工具與方法 46 3.1 質性研究介紹與研究方法 46 3.2 各分析工具的詳細分析 47 3.2.1 PEST分析工具介紹 47 3.2.2 強弱危機分析 (SWOT) 工具介紹 47 3.2.3 態勢分析(TOWS) 工具介紹 48 3.2.4 波特五力分析介紹 48 3.2.5 BCG矩陣工具介紹 49 3.2.6 價值主張畫布(Value Proposition Canvas) 工具介紹 50 3.2.7 價值鏈工具介紹 50 3.2.8 技術策略藍圖(T-Plan)工具介紹 51 第四章 個案公司研究分析與策略布局 52 4.1 J公司之PEST 分析 52 4.2 J公司之強弱危機分析(SWOT) 54 4.2.1 J公司伺服器部門之SWOT分析 54 4.2.2 伺服器韌體及軟體部門之SWOT分析 56 4.3 J公司伺服器部門之態勢分析(TOWS) 57 4.4 J公司伺服器部門之波特五力分析 58 4.5 J公司伺服器部門之BCG 矩陣 59 4.5.1 明星產品(Star) – 未來明日之星 59 4.5.2 問題產品(Question) – 未來不確定性高 60 4.5.3 金牛(Cash Cow) - 產生現金流量 60 4.5.4 瘦狗(Dog) - 低成長，低市占率 60 4.6 J公司伺服器部門之價值主張畫布(Value Proposition Canvas) 61 4.7 J公司伺服器部門之價值鏈 63 4.8 J公司伺服器部門之策略技術藍圖 65 4.9 J公司韌體及軟體部門的研發戰略與規劃 69 4.9.1 績效管理方式 69 4.9.2 軟體開發管理方式 70 4.9.3 混合式軟體開發模型 72 4.9.4 導入專案管理系統之建議 77 4.9.5 使用混合模式開發流程的建議 78 4.9.6 J公司使用CI/CD開發工具的建議 81 第五章 結論 82 5.1 結論 82 5.2 聚焦到韌體及軟體部門之未來研發策略與建議 82 第六章 參考文獻 84 第七章 附錄 86 附錄一 伺服器分類 86 附錄二 OCP的介紹 89

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