本研究先將明膠以鹼(NaOH)水解後成明膠水解物，再以琥珀酸酐、2-壬烯基-琥珀酸酐、2-丑烯基¬-琥珀酸酐進行疏水基改質，形成明膠衍生物界面活性劑，最後再與葡萄糖反應，合成一系列明膠-葡萄糖複合型衍生物。合成產物以FT-IR、1H-NMR確認其構造，所測試之基本界面性質，包括表面張力、濕潤性、起泡性、乳化能力、分散能力等。而應用性質包括精練漂白、染料與界面活性劑之相互作用等。
本研究以加入葡萄糖反應前後之明膠衍生物作為比較，其結果顯示，在溼潤性、起泡性、乳化能力、分散能力及精練漂白部份，皆以明膠-葡萄糖複合型界面活性劑(B系列)為佳。另外，明膠衍生物界面活性劑(A系列)與明膠-葡萄糖複合型界面活性劑(B系列)均隨疏水鏈長增加，而降低表面張力能力越高，濕潤性提高，起泡高度也隨著變高。乳化能力方面，乳化物的粒子粒徑皆在4 μm以下，六小時後直徑大小幾無變化，顯示乳化穩定性良好。應用於棉胚布的精練、漂白等前處理過程中，皆可使棉布的吸水性和白度增加，而黃度降低。於直接染料與界面活性劑相互作用，隨著界面活性劑濃度增加，染料的最大波長之吸收度下降。

In this study, gelatin hydrolyzate was prepared by alkaline hydrolysis with gelatin. A series of novel cleavable surfactants were prepared by the reaction of modified gelatin and glucose. In the case of modified gelatin derivatives, which was formed by the reaction of gelatin hydrolyzate and succinic anhydride, (2-Nonen-1-yl) succinic anhydride, (2-Dodecen) succinic anhydride. The structure of final products was confirmed by FT-IR and 1H-NMR. The fundamental properties containing surface tension, wetting, foaming properties, emulsion, dispersancy, and application for scouring, bleaching of surfactants, dye-surfactant interactions have been evaluated.
Comparing modified gelatin derivatives surfactants(A) with gelatin-glucose conjugate surfactants(B), the results showed the gelatin-glucose conjugate surfactants(B) was better in wetting, foaming properties, emulsion, dispersancy, and application for scouring, bleaching of surfactants. The surface tension, wetting and foaming properties increased with increasing alkyl chains, either for modified gelatin derivatives surfactants(A) or gelatin-glucose conjugate surfactants(B). The emulsified oil particle sizes were found below 4μm and almost the same after 6 hours.
In application on cotton scouring and bleaching procedures, in presence of these surfactants increased the penetration and whiteness of cotton fabrics and decreased the yellowness. We used spectrophotometry to investigate the interactions between the dyes and surfactants in the dye bath. With increasing concentration of surfactants, the maximum absorbance wavelengths of the dye solutions were lower.

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