現今橡膠工業技術發展迅速並廣泛應用，而原料為區別橡膠工業之主要分水嶺，主要分為天然橡膠及合成橡膠。基於天然橡膠的生產地區受到限制、產量不足及彌補天然橡膠缺少的特性，合成橡膠便隨著不同性質的需求而產生。
合成橡膠中常見的三元乙丙烯橡膠(EPDM，Ethlyene Propylene Diene Monomer)，因其具有良好的電氣絕緣性、耐候性、耐臭氧及耐高溫性，故廣泛應用於講求安全性之材料，例如電線電纜、密封材、車用配件、建築防水材、接縫材及保護材等。在電線電纜中，多以線材顏色區分電壓高低、電氣絕緣性、防潮耐水性等特性，得以應用於適用之環境，故填充料大多使用易與色母共混及上色的白色填料，而研究白色填料性質及其份量之差異為本實驗主要探討之目標。
實驗部分首先以微型混煉機依配方製作出橡膠試片，透過硫化曲線及木尼黏度測試，分析不同填料份量及種類之硫化膠性質，再透過物理機械性質分析比較配方間差異，如比重、硬度、拉伸強度、熱老化、吸水率以及永久壓縮變形率，最後比較其電氣性質，如體積電阻率以及絕緣破壞強度，並由上述性質歸納出填料份量對於三元乙丙烯橡膠之影響效應以及填料種類之最佳應用，並比較高嶺土表面改性前後之差異。
由實驗得知填料份量之增加對硬度、比重、抗壓性、耐吸水性呈正相關效應；對伸長率、硫化加工特性、電氣絕緣性質方面呈現負相關效應。高嶺土填料鍵結能力強，在電氣絕緣特性及抗壓性方面有最佳效果；滑石粉分子量大、型態為片狀，應用於機械性質上如抗拉伸長有較良好效果；填料選用碳酸鈣在耐水性及硫化加工特性方面有最佳效果；添加Silane表面改性之高嶺土改善了混煉之分散均勻性及疏水性；伸長率、電氣絕緣效果下降。

Nowadays, rubber industry technology has developed quickly and widely used, and the natural rubber and synthetic rubber are the main raw meterials that distinguish the rubber industry. Due to limited produced areas of natural rubber, insufficient production and the lack of some characteristics, synthetic rubber is produced for the needs of different properties.
EPDM (Ethlyene Propylene Diene Monomer) is a common synthetic rubber which has good electrical insulation, weather resistance, ozone resistance and high temperature resistance, is widely used in safety-oriented materials, such as cables, sealing materials, automotive parts, building waterproofing materials, joint materials and protective materials. The color of the cable is used to distinguish the voltage level, electrical insulation, moisture resistance and water resistance, so that it can be applied to the applicable environment. Therefore, most of the fillers are used in white color that are easy to blend with the color particles. Analysis different type of the white fillers and filler content are the main purpose of this experiment.
At the first part of the experiment, we used 2HP bench kneader mixing with the rubber to prepare test samples according to the formulas. Through the vulcanization curve and the Mooney viscosity test, we can analysis the vulcanization properties of different fillers content and types. Then, analysis the mechanical properties through the tests of specific gravity, hardness, tensile strength, heat aging, water absorption and the permanent compression set. Finally, analysis the electrical properties through the tests of volume resistivity and dielectric breakdown strength. According to the test results, we can get the conclusions of the effect of filler content and the filler types, also compare the differences between the silane modification of kaolin clays.
It is known from experiments that the increase of filler content has a positive correlation effect on hardness, specific gravity, pressure resistance and water absorption resistance; it has a negative correlation effect on elongation, vulcanization processing characteristics and electrical insulation properties. The kaolin filler has strong bonding ability and has the best effect on electrical insulation properties and pressure resistance. The talc has a large molecular weight and a sheet shape, and is applied to mechanical properties such as tensile strength. The filler is selected from calcium carbonate. It has the best effect in water resistance and vulcanization processing characteristics; the addition of Silane surface modified kaolin improves the dispersion uniformity and hydrophobicity of the kneading; the elongation and electrical insulation effect are degraded.

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