在此製造業已臻成熟的基礎下，許多台灣廠商開始建立品牌，藉由設計創造優勢，引入工業設計師(Industrial designer)則是相對重要的一環，工業設計師扮演著在特定的條件限制下創新的角色，產生具有創意之產品造型設計(Form design)，並建立競爭上的優勢。工業設計中，汽車改裝套件設計(Aerodynamics body kits)創新難度最高，需要高強度的產品意象造型能力與三維立體曲面建構觀念，在工業設計界被認定為造型創新難度相當高的產品。基於此，本研究以汽車改裝套件之設計專利為例，探討全球工業設計造型創新之演進，進一步討論各國在此領域的能耐與相對優勢。

本研究以汽車改裝套件專業名詞中為關鍵詞，如保險桿(bumper)等進行專利檢索，透過全球專利資料庫WEBPAT擷取1978年到2016年共1866筆美國專利，並以此專利資料做主路徑分析及集群分析，探討整體專利之長期發展與設計知識網絡現況，再藉由造型風格分析矩陣的分析，提供實務上的市場切入建議。將專利的外部關係與內部內容做完整的統一，整合出完整的策略佈局分析。

研究發現汽車改裝套件設計專利最早源自於1978年法商雷諾(Renault)，1980年開始，日商(Toyota、Honda等)、美商(Ford、GM等)、德商(Daimler AG、BMW等)陸續投入設計專利申請，以及1984年改裝廠(Lorinser、Lund等)也開始進入。根據發展主路徑，造型趨勢從早期方正、簡約的形態，演化到現代多曲面、流線的形態，且汽車改裝套件設計專利並沒有領導設計主流的廠商，顯示各廠商創新能力相當。集群分析結果顯示，各廠商所著力的方向各有差異，不同群組中各有主流廠商，擾流板群組為例，德國保時捷(Porsche)為掌握該群組主要的廠商。本研究可提供新進入者在產業策略上的資料分析及策略佈局，並進一步自造型創新趨勢中，得知各國家及廠商在設計上的方向及長期優勢；藉了解工業設計創新能力，重新為企業的轉型定位。

When facing challenges in the mature stage, some Taiwanese companies in manufacture industry start to use brand and design to find a new position. The change makes that the industrial design could be a significant step to gain advantages. Industrial designers play a role to create innovations under specific conditions with certain restrictions. They produce creative form design of products in order to gain advantages in competitions. Among the industrial design, the design of aerodynamics body kits is one of the most innovative categories and is always challenged. They require high strength of product image forming ability and three-dimensional constructional concept to show the innovation of product design. Therefore, this study uses aerodynamic body kits (ABK) as an example to discuss the development of innovation in industrial design worldwide, further investigate capabilities and relative advantages of different nations in this field.
We use proper nouns of ABK to establish a keyword set to search relevant patent data, such as bumper. From WEBPAT, we collect 1,866 U.S. patents covering a period between 1978 and 2016. We then apply main path analysis to find out the long-term development of the designs in ABK. We also use edge-betweenness cluster analysis to identify the different branches in the whole knowledge network of ABK design. We also provide the suggestion on design strategic by using the Design Patent Map analysis. The present study integrates external relationships and internal contents of patents to come up with a complete strategic allocation analysis
The results show that ABK design patents have started from a French corporation, Renault, since 1978. In the 1980s, the Japanese corporation (e.g. Toyota and Honda), American corporations (e.g. Ford and GM), and Germany corporations (e.g. Daimler AG and BMW) gradually started to apply for design patents. So did car modification shops such as Lorinser and Lund in 1984. According to the development of main path, the trend for forms went from square-shape and simple form to multi-curved and flow line form. Also, there is no corporation leading the main stream of the design of aerodynamic body kits which means that every corporation has the same level of innovative ability. The result of edge-betweenness analysis includes five clusters, i.e. Rear bumper、Front bumper、Sqare grill、Hexagonal grill and Spoiler. JP firms are more ambious on using ABK design patens to add values on their cars rather than the firms Europe or US. Some firms with unique position in the market, e.g. Porsche, also play a dominant role in the field of spoiler design. This study further applies patent data analysis to explore the potential markets for firms and new entrant innovators via patent map analysis. It also helps firm to understand how to utilize innovation to build up new positions.

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