簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 張淨雯
Ching-Wen Chang
論文名稱: 以專利分析探討存貸類金融科技之發展趨勢
The Trend of FinTech Development: Patent Analysis of Deposit and Lending
指導教授: 劉顯仲
John S. Liu
口試委員: 何秀青
HSIU-CHING HO
盧煜煬
YU-YANG LU
陳宥杉
YU-SHAN CHEN
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 管理學院 - 科技管理研究所
Graduate Institute of Technology Management
論文出版年: 2017
畢業學年度: 105
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 102
中文關鍵詞: 金融科技存貸主路徑分析專利分析專利引證網絡
外文關鍵詞: FinTech, deposit and lending, main path analysis, patent analysis, patent citation network
相關次數: 點閱:397下載:51
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  •   科技進步加速了金融服務的破壞式創新,2008年發生的全球金融海嘯導致市場條件的調整,更加促進了金融科技(financial technology, FinTech)的發展。金融科技正在對銀行、保險、證券等傳統金融業的商業模式造成全面性的衝擊。本研究以金融科技領域中,在專業投資人眼中前景看好且十分具有發展潛力,無論創業投資金額及投資件數皆排行第一名,同時也為銀行重要業務之「存貸(deposit and lending)」專利作為研究標的,以科學證據深入探討此領域之專利佈局情形。
      本研究透過美國專利資料庫(USPTO)擷取金融科技存貸領域相關的美國專利,共1499筆,藉由主路徑分析(main path analysis)檢視應用於存貸領域的金融技術發展軌跡與演進過程,再按專利引用特徵將專利分群,深入了解更細部之技術群輪廓以及參與企業之專利佈局。接著,再以迴歸分析模型探討專利之技術主流性與國家因素、產業因素、知識學習與擴散因素等變數間的關聯。
      研究發現,八成以上的存貸專利皆由美國所擁有,其他國家於美國申請之金融科技專利數與之差距懸殊。專利數排行之前四名皆為金融機構,而非金融產業列名於排行中亦不在少數,雖專利數排行是以金融產業較佔優勢,但根據迴歸分析之結果,整體來說,非金融產業之專利權人所研發之專利較具技術主流性。經過規模調節後,小規模專利權人之專利是以技術見長的非金融產業較具技術主流性,而大規模專利權人之專利則是以領域知識見長的金融產業較具領域影響力,兩者可以透過相互合作與交流,帶給顧客更為創新之服務與體驗。
      存貸類未來發展趨勢在於獨特的信用評估技術以及生物辨識安全認證機制,非金融產業因未有法規監管,往往可提供顛覆性的顧客體驗,因此大型金融機構與非金融產業合作的案例漸增,兩者採取「合作競爭」(coopetition) 的方式,在競爭中合作、互利共生,將是未來金融科技的發展趨勢。


      Scientific and technological progress has accelerated the disruptive innovation of financial services. The global financial tsunami in 2008 led to the adjustment of market conditions, which has further promoted the development of financial technology (FinTech). FinTech is having an overall impact on the business model of banking, insurance, securities and other traditional financial services. The article chooses the bank's principal business "deposit and lending" patent as a research target, which has promising prospects and development potential in the eyes of professional investors in the field of FinTech, regardless of the amount of investment and number of investments are ranked first in venture capital. We have depth discussion of the patent layout in this area with scientific evidence.
      There is a total of 1499 granted patents collected from the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) in the area of deposit and lending. Main path analysis applied to the deposit and lending field to find out development track and evolution process, and then clustered with patent citation characteristics to in-depth understanding of the details of the technical group contours and enterprises’ patent layout. Then, regression analysis is used to discuss the relationship between scientific mainstream of patents and the variables such as national factors, industrial factors, knowledge learning and diffusion factors.
      The study found that the United States owns more than 80% deposit and lending patents, there is a gap between the patents applied by other countries in the US. The top 4 of the number of patents are all financial institutions. However, non-financial industry listed in the rankings are also a few. Although financial industry is more dominant in the number of patents, according to the results of regression analysis, the non-financial industry is more outstanding in the technical mainstream of patents. After moderating of scale, for the small-scale assignee, patents developed by the technology-known non-financial industry have more technical mainstream; for the large-scale assignee, patents developed by the knowledge-known financial industry are more influential in the field. Both can bring customers more innovative services and experience through cooperation and exchange.
      The future development trend of deposit and lending field is unique credit assessment technology and biometrics authentication mechanism. The non-financial industry has no legal supervision, and it can often provide subversive customer experience. Therefore, the case of cooperation between large financial institutions and non-financial industry is increasing. The two take "coopetition" way to cooperate in the competition will be the future development trend of FinTech.

    摘要 I Abstract II 圖目錄 VIII 表目錄 IX 壹、 緒論 1 1.1 研究背景 1 1.2 研究目的 3 1.3 章節架構 4 貳、 文獻探討 6 2.1 金融科技 6 2.2 存貸業務之演進 11 2.3 專利分析 16 參、 研究方法 19 3.1 資料來源與蒐集 19 3.2 專利引證網絡 20 3.3 知識擴散 21 3.4 主路徑分析 24 3.5 集群分析 26 肆、 研究結果 28 4.1 存貸類金融科技專利之發展趨勢 28 4.1.1 敘述性統計 28 4.1.2 技術發展軌跡-主路徑分析 35 4.1.3 集群分析 45 4.1.4 知識學習與擴散 62 4.2 迴歸分析 67 4.2.1 變數定義 68 4.2.2 模型假設 72 4.2.3 專利之技術主流性 74 伍、 結論與建議 80 5.1 專利技術發展軌跡與未來趨勢 80 5.2 專利之技術主流性 82 5.3 管理意涵 83 5.4 研究限制與建議 84 參考文獻 86

    英文文獻
    Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of personality and social psychology, 51(6), 1173.
    Batagelj, V., & Mrvar, A. (1998). Pajek-program for large network analysis. Connections, 21(2), 47-57.
    Borgatti, S. P. (2002). Netdraw network visualization. Harvard, MA: Analytic Technologies.
    Borgatti, S. P., Everett, M. G., & Freeman, L. C. (2002). Ucinet for Windows: Software for social network analysis.
    Borgatti, S. P., Everett, M. G., & Johnson, J. C. (2013). Analyzing social networks: SAGE Publications Limited.
    CBInsight. (2016a). The Changing Face of Consumer Credit. Retrieved from https://goo.gl/Z28zWP
    CBInsight. (2016b). The Proliferation Of Financial Marketplaces. Retrieved from https://goo.gl/bKrmTc
    FDIC. (2017a). FDIC Quarterly 2017 Volume 11, Number 1. Retrieved from https://goo.gl/cGyPq2
    Gould, R. V., & Fernandez, R. M. (1989). Structures of mediation: A formal approach to brokerage in transaction networks. Sociological methodology, 89-126.
    GUIDE, U. S. (1999). UCINET 6 for Windows Software for Social Network Analysis.
    Ho, M., & Verspagen, B. (2006). The role of national borders and regions in knowledge flows. How Europe’s economies learn: Coordinating competing models, 50-73.
    Hummon, N. P., & Dereian, P. (1989). Connectivity in a citation network: The development of DNA theory. Social networks, 11(1), 39-63.
    IDC. (2016). 2016 IDC Financial Insights FinTech Rankings. Retrieved from https://goo.gl/l77jV1
    Jaffe, A. B., Trajtenberg, M., & Henderson, R. (1993). Geographic localization of knowledge spillovers as evidenced by patent citations. the Quarterly journal of Economics, 108(3), 577-598.
    King, B. (2012). Bank 3.0: Why banking is no longer somewhere you go but something you do: John Wiley & Sons.
    KPMG. (2017). The Pulse of Fintech Q1 2017. Retrieved from https://goo.gl/gy20cn
    KPMG、H2Ventures. (2016). 2016 FINTECH100 : Leading GlobalFintech Innovators. Retrieved from https://goo.gl/8GdJFI
    Liu, J. S., & Lu, L. Y. (2012). An integrated approach for main path analysis: Development of the Hirsch index as an example. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 63(3), 528-542.
    Meyer, P. S., Yung, J. W., & Ausubel, J. H. (1999). A primer on logistic growth and substitution: the mathematics of the Loglet Lab software. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 61(3), 247-271.
    Newman, M. E., & Girvan, M. (2004). Finding and evaluating community structure in networks. Physical review E, 69(2), 026113.
    PwC. (2016). Blurred lines: How FinTech is Shaping Financial Services. Retrieved from https://goo.gl/87ixfw
    PwC. (2017). Redrawing the lines: FinTech's growing influence on Financial Services. Retrieved from https://goo.gl/ic4vp4
    ResearchandMarkets. (2016). Global FinTech Investment Market 2016-2020. Retrieved from https://goo.gl/Z7Xv5P
    Singh, J. (2005). Collaborative networks as determinants of knowledge diffusion patterns. Management science, 51(5), 756-770.
    Skinner, C. (2014). Digital bank: Strategies to launch or become a digital bank: Marshall Cavendish International Asia Pte Ltd.
    Verspagen, B. (2007). Mapping technological trajectories as patent citation networks: A study on the history of fuel cell research. Advances in Complex Systems, 10(01), 93-115.
    WEF. (2015). The Future of Financial Services-How disruptive innovations are reshaping the way financial services are structured, provisioned and consumed. Retrieved from https://goo.gl/ap0g9u

    中文文獻
    行政院金融監督管理委員會. (2016). 金融科技發展策略白皮書. Retrieved from
    李尚嬪. (2009). 我國保險商品專利之現況與展望.
    李魁原. (2015). 微機電技術發展與產業技術策略的演變
    Microelectromechanical Systems: TechnologicalDevelopment and Industrial Strategies. Retrieved from https://goo.gl/Gq0Z6A
    沈殿堯. (2016). P2P 借貸模式分析. 臺灣大學商學研究所學位論文, 1-38.
    林柏君. (2016). 從英、美國家經驗看P2P網路借貸的發展. 經濟前瞻(166), 38-41.
    翁順裕、耿筠. (2006). 保險業智財權管理新課題:保險商品專利. [New Issue of Intellectual Property Management: The Patent of Insurance Product]. 科技管理學刊, 11(4), 99-120.
    翁順裕、賴奎魁. (2009). 從社會網絡分析觀點探討技術的趨同性-以保險商業方法專利為例. 管理學報, 26(5), 485-506.
    張韻涵. (2014). 電子商務第三方支付之專利地圖. 臺北科技大學服務與科技管理研究所學位論文, 1-119.
    曹磊、錢海利. (2016). FinTech金融科技革命: 商周出版.
    梅驊. (2016). 全球 P2P 網路借貸現況與台灣發展趨勢探討
    The Discussion of the Future Development of P2P Lending in Taiwan by Analyzing the Worldwide P2P Industry. Retrieved from https://goo.gl/7MA9iV
    許杏宜. (2016). P2P網路借貸的法律未來. 會計研究月刊(368), 44-48. doi:10.6650/arm.2016.368.44
    許溪南、王家美. (2009). 2008 全球金融海嘯之起因、影響與教訓.
    曾國瑞. (2016). 金融科技之網路借貸平台創新商業模式探討.
    黃文玲. (2017). P2P 網貸平台信用風險管理架構之研究. 臺灣大學財務金融學研究所學位論文, 1-56.
    劉彥佐. (2015). 由中國 P2P 借貸平台產業分析探討其未來發展及台灣之因應. 臺灣大學國際企業學研究所學位論文, 1-46.
    劉隆穎. (2016). 以專利分析方法分析我國金融科技之專利技術佈局
    Applying Patent Analysis to Domestic Financial Technology Development. Retrieved from https://goo.gl/jMDcxE
    蔡函霓. (2016). 金融科技之專利分析-以台灣地區為例
    Patent Analysis of Financial Technology- A Case Study of Taiwan. Retrieved from https://goo.gl/FNkG5e
    蔡承諭. (2013). 喬美國際及雅虎公司之臺灣財經專利分析. 臺北科技大學服務與科技管理研究所學位論文, 1-102.
    蔡茜堉. (2016). FinTech專利前瞻趨勢與挑戰-金融科技專利現況. Retrieved from https://goo.gl/DkNmV0
    鄭菀瓊. (2008). P2P借貸平台網站之法律性質初探. 科技法律透析, 20(7), 10-14.
    賴奎魁、林美蘭、張淑敏、張善斌. (2006). 專利分析相關文獻之分類研究:採用書目計量學方法. 科技管理學刊, 11(1), 137-168.
    叢宏文. (2006). 商業方法專利之研究--以金融商品為中心. 成功大學法律學系學位論文, 1-118.
    蘇立雅. (2013). 科學與技術關聯性分析:以磷酸鋰鐵電池技術演化為例
    Exploring the Linkage between Science and Technology:The Technology Evolution of Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery. Retrieved from https://goo.gl/o1qU4U

    網路資料
    EnvisionIP. (2016). Banks Outpace Technology Companies With FinTech Patents. Retrieved from http://goo.gl/irM5IR
    FDIC. (2017b). Understanding Deposit Insurance. Retrieved from https://goo.gl/mwkS8p
    FinTechBase. (2016). 金融科技定義. Retrieved from http://goo.gl/gaM2yv
    McAuley, D. (2015). What is FinTech? Retrieved from https://goo.gl/9eQ3II
    NDRC. (2016). NDRC FinTech. Retrieved from http://goo.gl/gzH07M
    VentureScanner. (2017a). Financial Technology Funding Trends - Q1 2017. Retrieved from https://goo.gl/iu9drf
    VentureScanner. (2017b). Venture Investing In Financial Technology - Q1 2017. Retrieved from https://goo.gl/wYusd6

    QR CODE