本論文擬探討聚電解質/界面活性劑複合物水溶液的液-氣界面上之膨脹動態表面黏彈性質，暨非均質聚電解質/界劑吸附膜之動態吸附機制。藉由量測PVP/SDS、PAA/C8TAB、PAA/C10TAB、PAA/C12TAB、PAA/C14TAB、PAA/C16TAB 和 PMA/ C12TAB等複合物水溶液之動態表面張力和膨脹動態表面黏彈性質，得知上述溶液的動態表面黏彈性在某些界劑濃度時均存在一陡降之行為。此表面黏彈性陡降行為乃首次被觀測到。本論文認為此乃溶液表面吸附膜上發生微凝聚和多層膜所致。透過Maxwell 流變模型理論計算獲知表面應力鬆弛時間與微凝聚體和多層膜間之質量傳輸有密切關連。實驗數據反應出聚電解質/界劑水溶液表面呈現非均質吸附膜。實驗結果亦顯示在PVP/SDS和PAA/C12TAB水溶液中加入NaCl 時可加速吸附程序，此加速可能肇因於水溶液中離子強度的增加，因而降低靜電障礙和表面黏性。

Although the physical chemistry of mixed polyelectrolyte and surfactants solutions has been developed fast during the last decades as a result of wide application of these systems in different branches of industry and medicine, any information on the properties of adsorbed films of polyelectrolyte/surfactant complexes at the liquid – gas interface has been limited until recently. At the same time, studies of the last decade showed that the methods of the surface dilational rheology proved to be especially sensitive to conformation transitions at the surface of polymer solutions and gave new information on the kinetics of relaxation processes in the adsorption layer. The aim of this work consisted in the experimental investigation of the dilational dynamic surface elasticity of the solutions of polyelectrolyte/surfactant complexes and the determination of the mechanism of adsorption film formation at the air - liquid interface.
The surface tension and dynamic dilational surface elasticity of PVP/SDS, PAA/C8TAB, PAA/C10TAB PAA/C12TAB, PAA/C14TAB, PAA/C16TAB and PMA/C12TAB solutions were measured in a wide range of surfactant concentrations and surface ages. It was found that the dependencies of the dynamic surface elasticity of all the polyelectrolyte/surfactant solutions on the surfactant concentration were characterized by an abrupt decrease of the dynamic surface elasticity in a narrow surfactant concentration range. The non monotonous kinetic dependencies of the dynamic surface elasticity of polyelctrolyte/surfactant solutions were obtained for the first time and explained by the formation of micro-aggregates and multilayer structures in the adsorption film. The main relaxation time of the surface stress relaxation was estimated on the basis of the Maxwell rheological model. It was shown that the relaxation process was connected with the mass transfer between the microaggregates and the surrounding adsorption film in the concentration range corresponding to the heterogeneous adsorption layer. Measurements of the dynamic surface tension and the surface elasticity of PVP/SDS and PAA/C12TAB solutions with the addition of sodium chloride showed that the increase of the solution ionic strength led to the acceleration of adsorption process due to the decrease of the electrostatic barrier, and to the decrease of the surface elasticity due to the shielding of electrostatic interactions.

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