本研究自行組裝一高溫懸垂/固著熔融液滴之表面張力測量儀，藉由此系統可精確地測得高溫熔融玻璃、氧化硼和銀之表面張力、密度和接觸角。
以高溫熔融液滴量測裝置，搭配撰寫連續取像程式和液滴邊界自動搜尋程式，藉由固著液滴/懸垂液滴之張力量測方法，繼而探討熔融液滴之界面性質（表面張力、接觸角和密度）。本論文主要分為三個部份：(1)藉由懸垂/固著液滴法量測高溫熔融玻璃之表面張力，進而探討此兩種方法量測熔融玻璃液滴表面張力之準確性與液滴形狀之完整性對表面張力量測準確性之影響；(2)利用懸垂液滴法量測氧化硼之表面張力，探討其表面張力隨溫度變化之情形；(3)利用固著液滴法測量固著熔融銀液滴於石墨及耐火磚基板上之表面張力和接觸角隨溫度變化之情形。
實驗數據顯示：第一部份，使用懸垂液滴法可極準確地測得熔融玻璃的張力值(3 mN/m)，而固著液滴則非為熔融玻璃張力量測的好方法(9至20 mN/m)；此外，我們定義一形狀因子(Fc)，可發現愈完整之液滴形狀愈可獲得較準確地表面張力值，即當形狀因子愈大時，其量測誤差值愈小。第二部份，利用懸垂液滴法量測熔融氧化硼表面張力隨溫度變化之情形，當溫度在500 – 600 oC時，氧化硼表面張力隨溫度變化情形並不顯著；在600 – 900 oC時，張力會隨著溫度上升而上升。熔融氧化硼之表面張力會隨溫度上升之原因，乃因熔融氧化硼之結構改變，即為B-O之鍵結轉換成不同型態，進而造成表面張力的上升。第三部份，利用固著液滴法量測熔融銀之表面張力和接觸角，在溫度1150-1175 oC之間，固著熔融銀在石墨平板上其接觸角和表面張力會有明顯的變化。在此溫度範圍下，熔融銀之表面張力值會從879 mN/m驟升成1024 mN/m，然後再降為871 mN/m；而熔融銀於此溫度範圍下，在石墨上之接觸角會從140o變成156o；若固著熔融銀液滴在耐火磚上時，其接觸角會隨溫度增加而下降，產生不同於液滴在石墨上之變化行為。

A system for the measurement of surface tension of melting glasses is developed in this work. The methods used are the sessile and pendant drop tensiometry. The accuracy of tension measurement is compared and discussed at the end of this thesis.
An apparatus for measuring the surface tension of molten glass, B2O3, and Ag at temperature ranging between 500 and 1600 oC was built first. A program for acquiring drop images continuously and locating the edge coordinates is then developed. After that, this tensiometer using the sessile / pendant drop method is used for the study of the dependency of surface tension on temperature. There are three main parts in this thesis: (i) surface tension of molten glass measured by pendant / sessile drop method and we discussed the accuracy of tension measurement by using pendant / sessile drop. Then, we defined a shape factor (Fc), and we discussed about the measurement uncertainty with shape completeness. (ii) Surface tension measurement of molten B2O3 was investigated by pendant drop method and we tried to understand why the surface tension of molten B2O3 vary with temperature in abnormal tendency. (iii) Surface tension of molten Ag was measuerd through sessile drop method and we discuss its surface tension and contact angle on graphite and refractory.
Finally, we examined the results from these three parts. Firstly, the error of surface tension measurement by using the pendant drop method is around 3 mN/m; while the measurement error via the sessile drop method is around 9 – 20 mN/m. The latter is dependent upon the drop contact angle of the sessile drop. Secondly, we find that a complete drop would yield a more accurate result of tension measurement than a fragmented droplet. Thirdly, the surface tension of molten B2O3 inceases with rising temperature. Finally, we find that the contact angle of molten Ag on graphite would change from 140o to 156o with temperature from 1150 to 1175 oC.

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