人工髖關節應用於骨科手術已行之有年，常見的髖關節置換方式有“全髖關節置換”與“表面髖關節置換”兩種，其中全髖關節置換手術容易造成股骨頭與髖臼承受高應力，引發應力遮蔽效應（Stress shielding effect），表面髖關節置換手術則常見人工股骨頭鬆脫與骨折，因而造成手術失敗的風險。
針對前述問題，本研究以既有的“包覆式人工髖關節置換”構想為基礎，進行髖關節定位裁切之手術工具以及人工髖關節之罩體的細部設計。首先透過文獻探討瞭解現有人工髖關節置換方法的問題，並且確認產品設計改善之方向；接著整合現有醫學的電腦斷層掃描圖像技術與工程套裝軟體建立人工髖關節的3D CAD模型，然後運用五軸加工技術完成包覆式人工髖關節原型的製作；最後，經由資深骨科醫師針對全髖關節與包覆式人工髖關節兩種不同的置換手術，各進行五次模擬手術試驗，手術後的成品透過非接觸性量測取得前視圖、俯視圖及右側視圖的長度與角度資料，並以製程能力係數評估兩者的優劣，結果發現包覆式人工髖關節置換手術的各項係數皆優於全髖關節置換手術。另外，本研究亦運用有限元素法來比較包覆式、全髖關節置換與標準股骨三者之股骨內、外側應力之差異，研究結果發現包覆式人工髖關節的應力近似標準股骨的力量傳遞路徑，此代表包覆式人工髖關節較近似標準股骨的受力情況。

The artificial hip prosthesis replacement orthopedic surgery has been applied in hip disease treatment for decades. There are two types of hip replacement surgery, namely total hip replacement and resurfacing hip replacement. The former induces high stress on hip bones and femur and causes stress shielding effect; and the latter causes prosthetic loosening and fracture, resulting in the risk of surgical failure eventually.
In this study positioning and cutting tools for orthopedic surgerywere developed anda detailed design forthe cap of femur was implemented, based on the enclosed hip replacementconcept. A comprehensive survey of literature on hip prosthesis replacement orthopedic surgery was implemented to identify the problems involved, and the design improvement scheme for the product was confirmed. Computer Tomography imaging technique was integrated into a commercial computer aided design software package to create 3D model for the enclosed hip replacement femurs, and a five-axis machining center was used to produce the prototype. Five simulating surgery experiments were conducted on both total hip replacement femurs and enclosed hip replacement femurs, by a team of senior otolaryngologists. After the surgery experiments, a non-contact measurement technique was employed to identify the dimensions, lengths and angles of the femur on top, front and side views. Manufacturing capability index was used to determine the pros and cons of the two methods. The result indicated that the enclosed hip replacement method was superior to the total hip replacement method in all parameters involved.
A finite element analysis approach is conducted to compare the stress and strain distribution in the lateral and inferior positions for the three types of prosthetic femurs, namely, nature femur, total hip replacement femur and the enclosed hip replacement femur. The result reveals that the loadtransmitting path and the stress distributions for enclosed hip replacement femur are similar to those for the nature femur in which a homogeneous stress distribution on the hip bone structure was observed.

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