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研究生: 林序丞
Hsu-Cheng Lin
論文名稱: 探討線性馬達之技術軌跡與全球專利佈局
Explore Development Trajectory and Global Patent Portfolio of Linear Motor Technology
指導教授: 何秀青
Mei HC Ho
口試委員: 劉顯仲
John S. Liu
盧煜煬
Louis Y. Y. Lu
陳宥杉
Yu-shan Chen
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 管理學院 - 科技管理研究所
Graduate Institute of Technology Management
論文出版年: 2014
畢業學年度: 102
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 110
中文關鍵詞: 線性馬達、線型工具機主路徑分析專利引證網路技術軌跡
外文關鍵詞: linear motor, linear machine tools, patent cited network, Technology trajectory
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  • 台灣製造業發展中,機械工具機產業一直是扮演相當重要的角色。為提高生產效能,機械加工逐漸朝向高精度、高效能、低碳排放的方向前進,各先進國家已相當仰賴線性馬達(linear motor)技術,應用在工具機驅動系統,多年以來已不斷在技術上有相當大的改良。然而,工具機的相關產業技術發展,也和國家產業方向、區域產業資源有著相當密切的關係,因此,本研究將藉由觀察線性馬達的技術發展,探討關鍵技術之間知識流動、區域群聚和全球技術佈局的現象,以更進一步了解不同國家的企業對於在工具機產業的發展策略。
    本研究透過全球專利資料庫USPTO擷取1976年至2013年共2054筆美國已核准專利,由主路徑分析檢視線性馬達應用於工具機的主要技術發展在不同時期的發展軌跡。這些專利共包含434間研發單位,本研究以研發單位間之引證關係,觀察國家之間的群聚現象、多角化情形及技術領域集中化程度,了解知識在不同國家的研發單位之間流動的現象,更進一步以迴歸分析的方式探討國家在進入群聚後的創新能力與經營方式對於知識網路的影響性。
    本研究發現,線性馬達的技術發展集中在特定國家,且各國家有不同的主導技術,分別是德國、美國及日本。從研發單位的引證關係中,發現德國為技術先驅者、美國擁有與德國、日本兩大國較高的連結度,而日本公司在網路中居核心角色。另外藉由研發單位的地理位置發現其多具區域群聚現象;瞭解到要增加在知識網路中的重要程度必須進入產業群聚與加強技術創新因素的能力,能力包含提升研發單位在重點技術的研發、適時地拓展自身的技術領域與擔任早期進入者取得技術先佔性,讓研發單位佔據有利的產業地位。


    Mechanical machine tool industry, one of the Taiwan's manufacturing industries has been playing an important role during the past few years. In order to improve the production efficiency, machining is gradually moving towards precision, high-performance and low-carbon direction. Linear motor technology has been widely adopted by developed countries as well as their application of drive systems have become a large breakthrough. Because the development of mechanical machine tool industry seems to be embedded with the national industry policy and regional industrial resources, this study aims to explore the knowledge flows and industrial clustering effect as well as global technology layout in this industry, i.e. linear motor. Besides, regression analysis further discusses the effect of industrial clustering effect on innovation capacity and the effect of technology diffusion on knowledge network .
    There are a total of 2,054 granted patents collected from USPTO during 1976 to 2013 and consists of 434 involving stakeholders. Technological trajectory shows that the development of linear motor is divided into three different periods and results in clustering phenomenon during each periods. Based on patent citation network, German, United States and Japan are the three important countries that play central role during the evolution of linear motor development and each countries develop different core technology on it. Germany represents the pioneer while United States has strong connections in knowledge diffusion between Germany and Japan. Furthermore, Japan consists of high centrality position in the citation network. Lastly, this study indicates that innovation capability of firms and the clustering effect among firms help to increase the technological position in the knowledge diffusion network.

    目錄 摘 要 I Abstract II 表目錄 VII 圖目錄 VIII 壹、 緒論 1 1.1 背景動機 1 1.2 研究目的 2 1.3 章節架構 3 貳、 文獻探討 4 2.1 工具機產業背景及各國發展 4 2.1.1 各國工具機發展 4 2.1.2 全球工具機發展 9 2.1.3 小結 11 2.2 線性馬達 11 2.2.1 線型工具機產業背景 12 2.2.2 線性馬達技術原理 14 2.3 群聚效應 17 2.4 國家產業發展與企業技術性 19 2.5 社會網路 21 參、 研究方法 23 3.1 資料來源 23 3.2 關鍵字檢索 錯誤! 尚未定義書籤。 3.3 專利引證網路與技術軌跡 26 3.4 主路徑分析 27 3.5 研發單位引證網路與結構洞 29 3.6 迴歸分析 35 3.7 變數定義與模型假設 36 3.7.1 變數定義 36 3.7.2 模型假設 39 肆、 研究發現 41 4.1 線性馬達之技術發展 41 4.1.1 敘述性統計 41 4.1.2 技術軌跡 46 4.1.3 各時期探討 48 4.2 研發單位之知識與技術交流 52 4.2.1 敘述性統計 52 4.2.2 引證網路與群聚效應 59 4.2.3 各國比較 70 4.3 迴歸分析結果 71 4.3.1 技術創新能力與技術擴散 71 4.3.1 技術經營模式 79 4.3.2 小結 82 伍、 結論與建議 84 5.1 國家分布與技術發展軌跡 84 5.2 群聚現象與知識擴散網路 85 5.3 研究限制與建議 86 參考文獻 88

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